UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
OR
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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Commission file number: 001-16109
CORRECTIONS CORPORATION OF AMERICA
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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MARYLAND
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
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62-1763875
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
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10 BURTON HILLS BLVD., NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE 37215
(Address and zip code of principal executive office)
REGISTRANTS TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE: (615) 263-3000
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
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Title of each class
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Name of each exchange on which registered
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Common Stock, $.01 par value per share
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New York Stock Exchange
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SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT: NONE
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule
405 of the Securities Act. Yes
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No
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Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or
Section 15 (d) of the Act. Yes
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No
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes
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No
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Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is
not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrants knowledge, in
definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K
or any amendment to this Form 10-K.
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer,
or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in
Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer
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Accelerated filer
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Non- accelerated filer
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the
Act.). Yes
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No
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The aggregate market value of the shares of the registrants Common Stock held by non-affiliates
was approximately $2,055,550,605 as of June 30, 2006, based on the closing price of such shares on
the New York Stock Exchange on that day. The number of shares of the Registrants Common Stock
outstanding on February 23, 2007 was 61,372,476.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:
Portions of the registrants definitive Proxy Statement for the 2007 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders currently scheduled to be held on May 10, 2007, are incorporated by reference into
Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
CORRECTIONS CORPORATION OF AMERICA
FORM 10-K
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING
FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
This annual report on Form 10-K contains statements that are forward-looking statements as defined
within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking
statements give our current expectations of forecasts of future events. All statements other than
statements of current or historical fact contained in this annual report, including statements
regarding our future financial position, business strategy, budgets, projected costs, and plans and
objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. The words
anticipate, believe, continue, estimate, expect, intend, may, plan, projects,
will, and similar expressions, as they relate to us, are intended to identify forward-looking
statements. These statements are based on our current plans and actual future activities, and our
results of operations may be materially different from those set forth in the forward-looking
statements. In particular these include, among other things, statements relating to:
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fluctuations in operating results because of changes in occupancy levels, competition,
increases in cost of operations, fluctuations in interest rates and risks of operations;
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changes in the privatization of the corrections and detention industry and the public
acceptance of our services;
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our ability to obtain and maintain correctional facility management contracts, including
as the result of sufficient governmental appropriations, inmate disturbances, and the
timing of the opening of new facilities and the commencement of new management contracts as
well as our ability to utilize current available beds and new capacity as development and
expansion projects are completed;
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increases in costs to develop or expand correctional facilities that exceed original
estimates, or the inability to complete such projects on schedule as a result of various
factors, many of which are beyond our control, such as weather, labor conditions, and
material shortages, resulting in increased construction costs;
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changes in government policy and in legislation and regulation of the corrections and
detention industry that adversely affect our business;
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the availability of debt and equity financing on terms that are favorable to us; and
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general economic and market conditions.
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Any or all of our forward-looking statements in this annual report may turn out to be inaccurate.
We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections
about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition,
results of operations, business strategy and financial needs. They can be affected by inaccurate
assumptions we might make or by known or unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including
the risks, uncertainties and assumptions described in Risk Factors.
In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events and
circumstances discussed in this annual report may not occur and actual results could differ
materially from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. When you consider
these forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the risk factors and other cautionary
statements in this annual
report, including in Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations and Business.
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Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made. We undertake no obligation to
publicly update or revise forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information,
future events or otherwise. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements
attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the
cautionary statements contained in this annual report.
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PART I.
ITEM 1. BUSINESS.
Overview
We are the nations largest owner and operator of privatized correctional and detention facilities
and one of the largest prison operators in the United States behind only the federal government and
three states. We currently operate 64 correctional, detention and juvenile facilities, including
40 facilities that we own, with a total design capacity of approximately 72,000 beds in 19 states
and the District of Columbia. Further, we are constructing an additional 1,896-bed correctional
facility in Eloy, Arizona that is expected to be completed mid-2007. We also own three additional
correctional facilities that we lease to third-party operators.
We specialize in owning, operating, and managing prisons and other correctional facilities and
providing inmate residential and prisoner transportation services for governmental agencies. In
addition to providing the fundamental residential services relating to inmates, our facilities
offer a variety of rehabilitation and educational programs, including basic education, religious
services, life skills and employment training and substance abuse treatment. These services are
intended to help reduce recidivism and to prepare inmates for their successful reentry into society
upon their release. We also provide health care (including medical, dental, and psychiatric
services), food services, and work and recreational programs.
Our website address is www.correctionscorp.com. We make our Form 10-K, Form 10-Q, Form 8-K, and
Section 16 reports available on our website, free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable
after these reports are filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
SEC). Information contained on our website is not part of this report.
Operations
Management and Operation of Correctional and Detention Facilities
Our customers consist of federal, state, and local correctional and detention authorities. For the
years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, federal correctional and detention authorities
represented 40%, 39%, and 38%, respectively, of our total revenue. Federal correctional and
detention authorities primarily consist of the Federal Bureau of Prisons, or the BOP, the United
States Marshals Service, or the USMS, and the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or ICE.
Our management services contracts typically have terms of one to five years and contain multiple
renewal options. Most of our facility contracts also contain clauses that allow the government
agency to terminate the contract at any time without cause, and our contracts are generally subject
to annual or bi-annual legislative appropriation of funds.
We are compensated for operating and managing facilities at an inmate per diem rate based upon
actual or minimum guaranteed occupancy levels. Occupancy rates for a particular facility are
typically low when first opened or when expansions are first available. However, beyond the
start-up period, which typically ranges from 90 to 180 days, the occupancy rate tends to stabilize.
For the years 2006, 2005, and 2004, the average compensated occupancy of our facilities, based on
rated capacity, was 94.9%, 91.4%, and 94.9%, respectively, for all of the facilities we owned or
managed, exclusive of facilities where operations have been discontinued. From a capacity
perspective, as of December 31, 2006, we had four facilities, our Stewart Detention Center, North
Fork Correctional Facility, Florence Correctional Center, and our newly constructed Red Rock
Correctional Center, that provide us with
approximately 1,900 available beds. We believe we have been successful in substantially filling,
or
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entering into management contracts that are expected to substantially fill, our remaining
inventory of available beds, as set forth below.
In June 2006, we entered into a new agreement with Stewart County, Georgia to house detainees from
ICE under an inter-governmental service agreement between Stewart County and ICE. The agreement
enables ICE to accommodate detainees at our Stewart Detention Center. The agreement with Stewart
County is effective through December 31, 2011, and provides for an indefinite number of renewal
options. We began receiving ICE detainees at the Stewart facility in October 2006 and expect that
ICE detainees will substantially occupy the Stewart facility sometime during 2007.
During February 2005, we commenced construction of the Red Rock Correctional Center, a new
1,596-bed correctional facility located in Eloy, Arizona. The facility was completed during July
2006. We relocated all of the Alaskan inmates from our Florence Correctional Center into this new
facility during the third quarter of 2006. The beds made available at the Florence facility are
expected to be used to satisfy anticipated state and federal demand for detention beds in the
Arizona area, including inmates from the state of California. As of December 31, 2006, the Red
Rock facility housed 993 Alaskan inmates and 222 Hawaiian inmates.
In October 2006, we announced that as a result of an emergency proclamation declared by the
Governor of California, we entered into a new agreement with the State of California Department of
Corrections and Rehabilitation, or CDCR, to house up to approximately 1,000 California male inmates
at several of our facilities. The terms of the agreement include an initial three-year term which
may be extended for successive two-year terms by mutual agreement. We began receiving inmates on
November 3, 2006 at our West Tennessee Detention Facility, and as of December 31, 2006 we housed
230 CDCR inmates who volunteered to be transferred to our West Tennessee and Florence facilities.
On February 2, 2007, the Governor of California ordered the CDCR to begin the involuntary transfer
of prisoners to correctional facilities outside of California in a further effort to relieve prison
overcrowding. As a result of the Governors request, we agreed to amend the contract with the CDCR
to potentially provide up to 4,670 additional beds for a total of approximately 5,670 beds. The
amendment includes the potential utilization of additional beds at our Florence facility, the
potential utilization of beds in our Tallahatchie and Diamondback facilities that will be vacated
when the state of Hawaii transfers inmates to our new 1,896-bed Saguaro Correctional Facility
(which is expected to be completed mid-2007), as well as expansion beds at the North Fork and
Tallahatchie facilities that we expect to complete during the fourth quarter of 2007, as further
described hereafter.
Lawsuits have been filed against California officials by employee unions, advocacy groups and
others seeking to halt the out-of-state inmate transfers. On February 20, 2007, a California trial
court, the Superior Court of California, County of Sacramento, ruled that the Governor of
California acted in excess of his authority in issuing the emergency proclamation and that the
contracts entered into by the CDCR to implement out of state transfers violated civil service
principles contained in the States constitution. The enforcement of this ruling is stayed for ten
days following entry of judgment and we expect that there will be no change in the status of
inmates already transferred to our facilities while the stay of enforcement is in place. We expect
that the Governor of California will appeal this ruling and seek an extension of the stay of
enforcement pending the results of the appeal. However, we can provide no assurance that the
ruling will be appealed or that an extension of the stay will be granted, and we cannot predict the
ultimate outcome of the appeal should it occur. Further, we can provide no assurances as to
whether additional lawsuits will arise, how the California courts will ultimately rule on such
lawsuits, the timing of the transfer of inmates, the total number of inmates that will ultimately
be received or whether court rulings could require the return of inmates to California.
During December 2006, we entered into an agreement with Bent County, Colorado to house Colorado
male inmates under an inter-governmental service agreement between the County and State of
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Colorado
Department of Corrections. Under the agreement we may house up to 720 Colorado inmates, subject to
bed availability, at our North Fork Correctional Facility. The term of the contract includes an
initial term which commenced December 28, 2006 and runs through June 30, 2007, and provides for
mutually agreed extensions for a total contract term of up to five years. As of January 31, 2007,
we had received approximately 480 Colorado inmates at the North Fork facility. If adequate bed
space is available at the facility, Colorado may transfer additional inmates to the facility in
order to meet any growth in Colorado inmate populations.
Enhanced Focus on Delivering New Bed Capacity
As a result of increasing demand from both our federal and state customers and the utilization of a
significant portion of our existing available beds, we have intensified our efforts to deliver new
capacity to address the lack of available beds that our existing and potential customers are
experiencing. The following table sets forth current expansion and development projects at
facilities we own:
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Total Bed
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Capacity
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Estimated
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Following
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Completion
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Potential
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Facilities Under Development
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Beds
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Expansion
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Date
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Customer(s)
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Crossroads Correctional Center,
Montana
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96
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664
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Q1 2007
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State of Montana
and USMS
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Saguaro Correctional Facility, Arizona
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1,896
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1,896
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Mid-2007
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State of Hawaii
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North Fork Correctional Facility,
Oklahoma
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960
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2,400
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Q4 2007
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Various States
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Tallahatchie County Correctional Facility,
Mississippi
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360
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1,464
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Q4 2007
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Federal and /or Various States
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Eden Detention Center,
Texas
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129
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1,354
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Q1 2008
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BOP
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Bent County Correctional Facility,
Colorado
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720
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1,420
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Q2 2008
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Colorado
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Kit Carson Correctional Center,
Colorado
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720
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1,488
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Q2 2008
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Colorado
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(1)
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These development projects are described in further detail in Facilities Under Construction or
Development hereafter.
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Certain of our customers have also engaged us to expand certain facilities they own, that we
manage for them. During the first quarter of 2007, we substantially completed an expansion by
360-beds of the 400-bed Citrus County Detention Facility, owned by Citrus County and located in
Lecanto, Florida. We funded the expansion with cash on hand. If the County terminates our
management contract at any time prior to twenty years following completion of construction, the
County would be required to pay us an amount equal to the construction cost less an allowance for
amortization over a twenty-year period. In addition, the Florida Department of Management Services
awarded to us contracts to design, construct, and operate a 235-bed expansion of their Bay
Correctional Facility in Panama City, Florida and a 384-bed expansion of their Gadsden Correctional
Institution in Quincy, Florida. Both of these expansions will be funded by the state of Florida.
In addition to the above listed projects, we are actively pursuing a number of additional sites for
new prison development. We believe it is feasible to begin development of an additional 4,000 to
6,000 new prison beds during the course of the next year.
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Operating Procedures
Pursuant to the terms of our management contracts, we are responsible for the overall operations of
our facilities, including staff recruitment, general administration of the facilities, facility
maintenance, security, and supervision of the offenders. We are required by our contracts to
maintain certain levels of insurance coverage for general liability, workers compensation, vehicle
liability, and property loss or damage. We are also required to indemnify the contracting agencies
for claims and costs arising out of our operations and, in certain cases, to maintain performance
bonds and other collateral requirements. Approximately 85% of the facilities we operated at
December 31, 2006 were accredited by the American Correctional Association Commission on
Accreditation. The American Correctional Association, or the ACA, is an independent organization
comprised of corrections professionals that establish accreditation standards for correctional and
detention institutions.
We provide a variety of rehabilitative and educational programs at our facilities. Inmates at most
facilities we manage may receive basic education through academic programs designed to improve
literacy levels and the opportunity to acquire GED certificates. We also offer vocational training
to inmates who lack marketable job skills. Our craft vocational training programs are accredited
by the National Center for Construction Education and Research. This organization provides
training curriculum and establishes industry standards for over 4,000 construction and trade
organizations in the United States and several foreign countries. In addition, we offer life
skills transition planning programs that provide inmates with job search skills, health education,
financial responsibility training, parenting, and other skills associated with becoming productive
citizens. At many of our facilities, we also offer counseling, education and/or treatment to
inmates with alcohol and drug abuse problems through our Strategies for Change and Residential
Drug Addictions Treatment Program, or RDAP. Equally significant, we offer cognitive behavioral
programs aimed at changing the anti-social attitudes and behaviors of offenders, and faith-based
and religious programs that offer all offenders the opportunity to practice their spiritual
beliefs. These programs incorporate the use of thousands of volunteers, along with our staff, that
assist in providing guidance, direction, and post incarceration services to offenders. We believe
these programs help reduce recidivism.
We operate our facilities in accordance with both company and facility-specific policies and
procedures. The policies and procedures reflect the high standards generated by a number of
sources, including the ACA, the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, the
National Commission on Correctional Healthcare, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration,
federal, state, and local government guidelines, established correctional procedures, and
company-wide policies and procedures that may exceed these guidelines. Outside agency standards,
such as those established by the ACA, provide us with the industrys most widely accepted
operational guidelines. Our facilities not only operate under these established standards (we have
sought and received accreditation for 55 of the facilities we managed as of December 31, 2006) but
are consistently challenged by management to exceed these standards. This challenge is presented,
in large part, through an extensive, comprehensive Quality Assurance Program. We intend to apply
for ACA accreditation for all of our eligible facilities that are not currently accredited where it
is economically feasible to complete the 18-24 month accreditation process.
Our Quality Assurance Department independently operates under the auspices of, and reports directly
to, the Companys Office of General Counsel. The Quality Assurance Department consists of two
major sections. The first is the Research and Data Analysis Section which collects and analyzes
performance metrics across multiple databases. Through rigorous reporting and analyses of
comprehensive, comparative statistics across disciplines, divisions, business units and the Company
as a whole, the Research and Data Analysis Section provides timely, independently generated
performance and trend data to senior management. The second major section within the Quality
Assurance Department is the Operational Audit Section. This section consists of two full time
audit teams comprised of subject matter experts from all the major discipline areas within
institutional
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operations. These two audit teams conduct rigorous, on site annual evaluations of
each facility within the Company with only minimal advance notice. Highly specialized, discipline
specific audit tools, containing over 800 audited items are employed in this detailed,
comprehensive process. The results of these on site evaluations are used to discern areas of
strength and areas in need of management attention. The audit findings also comprise a major part
of our continuous operational risk assessment and management process. The Company has devoted
significant resources to the Quality Assurance Department, enabling us to monitor compliance with
contractual requirements, outside agency and accrediting organization standards. Quality Assurance
closely monitors all efforts by our facilities to deliver the exceptional quality of services and
operations expected.
Prisoner Transportation Services
We provide transportation services to governmental agencies through our wholly-owned subsidiary,
TransCor America, LLC, or TransCor. TransCor is the largest third-party prisoner extradition
company in the United States. Through a hub-and-spoke network, TransCor provides nationwide
coverage to over 800 federal, state, and local agencies across the country. During the years ended
December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, TransCor generated total consolidated revenue of $15.1 million,
$14.6 million, and $19.1 million, respectively, comprising 1.1%, 1.2%, and 1.7% of our total
consolidated revenue in each respective year. We also provide transportation services for our
existing customers utilizing TransCors services. We believe TransCor provides a complementary
service to our core business that enables us to quickly respond to our customers transportation
needs.
Facility Portfolio
General
Our facilities can generally be classified according to the level(s) of security at such facility.
Minimum security facilities have open housing within an appropriately designed and patrolled
institutional perimeter. Medium security facilities have either cells, rooms or dormitories, a
secure perimeter, and some form of external patrol. Maximum security facilities have cells, a
secure perimeter, and external patrol. Multi-security facilities have various areas encompassing
minimum, medium or maximum security. Non-secure facilities are facilities having open housing that
inhibit movement by their design. Secure facilities are facilities having cells, rooms, or
dormitories, a secure perimeter, and some form of external patrol.
Our facilities can also be classified according to their primary function. The primary functional
categories are:
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Correctional Facilities
. Correctional facilities house and provide contractually agreed
upon programs and services to sentenced adult prisoners, typically prisoners on whom a
sentence in excess of one year has been imposed.
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Detention Facilities
. Detention facilities house and provide contractually agreed upon
programs and services to (i) prisoners being detained by ICE, (ii) prisoners who are
awaiting trial who have been charged with violations of federal criminal law (and are
therefore in the custody of the USMS) or state criminal law, and (iii) prisoners who have
been convicted of crimes and on whom a sentence of one year or less has been imposed.
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Juvenile Facilities
. Juvenile facilities house and provide contractually agreed upon
programs and services to juveniles, typically defined by applicable federal or state law as
being persons below the age of 18, who have been determined to be delinquents by a juvenile
court and who have been committed for an indeterminate period of time but who typically
remain confined for
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a period of six months or less. At December 31, 2006, we owned only
one such juvenile facility. The operation of juvenile facilities is not considered part of
our strategic focus.
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Leased Facilities
. Leased facilities are facilities that are within one of the above
categories and that we own but do not manage. These facilities are leased to third-party
operators.
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Facilities and Facility Management Contracts
We own 43 correctional, detention, and juvenile facilities in 14 states and the District of
Columbia, three of which we lease to third-party operators. We also own two corporate office
buildings. Additionally, we currently manage 24 correctional and detention facilities owned by
government agencies. The following table sets forth all of the facilities which we currently (i)
own and manage, (ii) own, but are leased to another operator, and (iii) manage but are owned by a
government authority. The table includes certain information regarding each facility, including
the term of the primary management contract related to such facility, or, in the case of facilities
we own but lease to a third-party operator, the term of such lease. We have a number of management
contracts and leases that expire in 2007 (or have expired) with no remaining renewal options. We
continue to operate, and, unless otherwise noted, expect to continue to manage or lease these
facilities, although we can provide no assurance that we will maintain our contracts to manage or
lease these facilities or when new contracts will be renewed.
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Remaining
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Primary
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Design
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Security
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Facility
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Renewal
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Facility Name
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Customer
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Capacity (A)
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Level
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Type (B)
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Term
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Options (C)
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Owned and Managed Facilities:
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Central Arizona Detention Center
Florence, Arizona
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USMS
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2,304
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Multi
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Detention
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May 2007
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(1) 1 year
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Eloy Detention Center
Eloy, Arizona
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ICE
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1,500
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Medium
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Detention
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Indefinite
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Florence Correctional Center
Florence, Arizona
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USMS
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1,824
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|
|
Multi
|
|
Correctional
|
|
May 2007
|
|
(1) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Red Rock Correctional Center
Eloy, Arizona
|
|
State of Alaska
|
|
|
1,596
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2008
|
|
(6) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
California City Correctional
Center
California City, California
|
|
BOP
|
|
|
2,304
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
September 2007
|
|
(3) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
San Diego Correctional Facility (D)
San Diego, California
|
|
ICE
|
|
|
1,016
|
|
|
Minimum/Medium
|
|
Detention
|
|
June 2008
|
|
(5) 3 years
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bent County Correctional Facility
Las Animas, Colorado
|
|
State of Colorado
|
|
|
700
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2007
|
|
(1) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Crowley County Correctional Facility
Olney Springs, Colorado
|
|
State of Colorado
|
|
|
1,794
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2007
|
|
(1) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Huerfano County Correctional Center
(E)
Walsenburg, Colorado
|
|
State of Colorado
|
|
|
752
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2007
|
|
(1) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kit Carson Correctional Center
Burlington, Colorado
|
|
State of Colorado
|
|
|
768
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2007
|
|
(1) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Coffee Correctional Facility (F)
Nicholls, Georgia
|
|
State of Georgia
|
|
|
1,524
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2007
|
|
(22) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
McRae Correctional Facility
McRae, Georgia
|
|
BOP
|
|
|
1,524
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
November 2007
|
|
(5) 1 year
|
10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Remaining
|
|
|
|
Primary
|
|
Design
|
|
Security
|
|
Facility
|
|
|
|
Renewal
|
|
Facility Name
|
|
Customer
|
|
Capacity (A)
|
|
Level
|
|
Type (B)
|
|
Term
|
|
Options (C)
|
|
Stewart Detention Center
Lumpkin, Georgia
|
|
ICE
|
|
|
1,524
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
Indefinite
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wheeler Correctional Facility (F)
Alamo, Georgia
|
|
State of Georgia
|
|
|
1,524
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2007
|
|
(22) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Leavenworth Detention Center
Leavenworth, Kansas
|
|
USMS
|
|
|
767
|
|
|
Maximum
|
|
Detention
|
|
December 2011
|
|
(3) 5 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lee Adjustment Center
Beattyville, Kentucky
|
|
State of Vermont
|
|
|
816
|
|
|
Minimum/Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marion Adjustment Center
St. Mary, Kentucky
|
|
Commonwealth of Kentucky
|
|
|
826
|
|
|
Minimum
|
|
Correctional
|
|
December 2007
|
|
(3) 2 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Otter Creek Correctional Center (G)
Wheelwright, Kentucky
|
|
Commonwealth of Kentucky
|
|
|
656
|
|
|
Minimum/Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
July 2007
|
|
(4) 2 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prairie Correctional Facility
Appleton, Minnesota
|
|
State of Minnesota
|
|
|
1,600
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tallahatchie County Correctional
Facility (H)
Tutwiler, Mississippi
|
|
State of Hawaii
|
|
|
1,104
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2007
|
|
(2) 2 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Crossroads
Correctional Center (I)
Shelby, Montana
|
|
State of Montana
|
|
|
664
|
|
|
Multi
|
|
Correctional
|
|
August 2007
|
|
(6) 2 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cibola County Corrections Center
Milan, New Mexico
|
|
BOP
|
|
|
1,129
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
September 2007
|
|
(3) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New Mexico Womens Correctional
Facility
Grants, New Mexico
|
|
State of New Mexico
|
|
|
596
|
|
|
Multi
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Torrance County Detention Facility
Estancia, New Mexico
|
|
USMS
|
|
|
910
|
|
|
Multi
|
|
Detention
|
|
Indefinite
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Northeast Ohio Correctional Center
Youngstown, Ohio
|
|
BOP
|
|
|
2,016
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
May 2009
|
|
(3) 2 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cimarron Correctional Facility (J)
Cushing, Oklahoma
|
|
State of Oklahoma
|
|
|
960
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
September 2007
|
|
(2) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Davis Correctional Facility (J)
Holdenville, Oklahoma
|
|
State of Oklahoma
|
|
|
960
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
September 2007
|
|
(2) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diamondback Correctional Facility
Watonga, Oklahoma
|
|
State of Arizona
|
|
|
2,160
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
North Fork Correctional Facility
Sayre, Oklahoma
|
|
State of Wyoming
|
|
|
1,440
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
West Tennessee Detention Facility
Mason, Tennessee
|
|
USMS
|
|
|
600
|
|
|
Multi
|
|
Detention
|
|
February 2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shelby Training Center (K)
Memphis, Tennessee
|
|
Shelby County, Tennessee
|
|
|
200
|
|
|
Secure
|
|
Juvenile
|
|
April 2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Whiteville Correctional Facility (L)
Whiteville, Tennessee
|
|
State of Tennessee
|
|
|
1,536
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
September 2007
|
|
(1) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bridgeport Pre-Parole Transfer
Facility
Bridgeport, Texas
|
|
State of Texas
|
|
|
200
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
February 2007
|
|
(4) 1 year
|
11
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Remaining
|
|
|
|
Primary
|
|
Design
|
|
Security
|
|
Facility
|
|
|
|
Renewal
|
|
Facility Name
|
|
Customer
|
|
Capacity (A)
|
|
Level
|
|
Type (B)
|
|
Term
|
|
Options (C)
|
|
Eden Detention Center
Eden, Texas
|
|
BOP
|
|
|
1,225
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
April 2011
|
|
(3) 2 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Houston Processing Center
Houston, Texas
|
|
ICE
|
|
|
905
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Detention
|
|
September 2007
|
|
(1) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Laredo Processing Center
Laredo, Texas
|
|
ICE
|
|
|
258
|
|
|
Minimum/ Medium
|
|
Detention
|
|
December 2009
|
|
(4) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Webb County Detention Center
Laredo, Texas
|
|
USMS
|
|
|
480
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Detention
|
|
May 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mineral Wells Pre-Parole Transfer
Facility
Mineral Wells, Texas
|
|
State of Texas
|
|
|
2,103
|
|
|
Minimum
|
|
Correctional
|
|
February 2007
|
|
(4) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Don Hutto Residential Center
Taylor, Texas
|
|
ICE
|
|
|
512
|
|
|
Non-secure
|
|
Detention
|
|
Indefinite
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D.C. Correctional Treatment Facility
(M)
Washington, D.C.
|
|
District of Columbia
|
|
|
1,500
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Detention
|
|
March 2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Managed Only Facilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bay Correctional Facility
Panama City, Florida
|
|
State of Florida
|
|
|
750
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bay County Jail and Annex
Panama City, Florida
|
|
Bay County, Florida
|
|
|
1,150
|
|
|
Multi
|
|
Detention
|
|
September 2012
|
|
(1) 6 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Citrus County Detention Facility
Lecanto, Florida
|
|
Citrus County, Florida
|
|
|
760
|
|
|
Multi
|
|
Detention
|
|
September 2015
|
|
(1) 5 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gadsden Correctional Institution
Quincy, Florida
|
|
State of Florida
|
|
|
1,136
|
|
|
Minimum/ Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hernando County Jail
Brooksville, Florida
|
|
Hernando County, Florida
|
|
|
730
|
|
|
Multi
|
|
Detention
|
|
October 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lake City Correctional Facility
Lake City, Florida
|
|
State of Florida
|
|
|
893
|
|
|
Secure
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Idaho Correctional Center
Boise, Idaho
|
|
State of Idaho
|
|
|
1,270
|
|
|
Minimum/ Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
June 2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marion County Jail
Indianapolis, Indiana
|
|
Marion County, Indiana
|
|
|
1,030
|
|
|
Multi
|
|
Detention
|
|
December 2006
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Winn Correctional Center
Winnfield, Louisiana
|
|
State of Louisiana
|
|
|
1,538
|
|
|
Medium/ Maximum
|
|
Correctional
|
|
September 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Delta Correctional Facility
Greenwood, Mississippi
|
|
State of Mississippi
|
|
|
1,172
|
|
|
Minimum/Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
September 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wilkinson County Correctional
Facility
Woodville, Mississippi
|
|
State of Mississippi
|
|
|
1,000
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
September 2007
|
|
(2) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Elizabeth Detention Center
Elizabeth, New Jersey
|
|
ICE
|
|
|
300
|
|
|
Minimum
|
|
Detention
|
|
September 2008
|
|
(5) 3 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Camino Nuevo Correctional Center
Albuquerque, New Mexico
|
|
State of New Mexico
|
|
|
192
|
|
|
Multi
|
|
Correctional
|
|
March 2010
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Remaining
|
|
|
|
Primary
|
|
Design
|
|
Security
|
|
Facility
|
|
|
|
Renewal
|
|
Facility Name
|
|
Customer
|
|
Capacity (A)
|
|
Level
|
|
Type (B)
|
|
Term
|
|
Options (C)
|
|
Silverdale Facilities
Chattanooga, Tennessee
|
|
Hamilton County, Tennessee
|
|
|
918
|
|
|
Multi
|
|
Detention
|
|
January 2008
|
|
Indefinite
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
South Central Correctional
Center
Clifton, Tennessee
|
|
State of Tennessee
|
|
|
1,676
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
July 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Metro-Davidson County Detention
Facility
Nashville, Tennessee
|
|
Davidson County, Tennessee
|
|
|
1,092
|
|
|
Multi
|
|
Detention
|
|
July 2007
|
|
(1) 1 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hardeman County Correctional
Facility
Whiteville, Tennessee
|
|
State of Tennessee
|
|
|
2,016
|
|
|
Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
May 2009
|
|
(3) 3 year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. M. Moore Correctional Center
Overton, Texas
|
|
State of Texas
|
|
|
500
|
|
|
Minimum/ Medium
|
|
Correctional
|
|
January 2007
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(2) 1 year
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Bartlett State Jail
Bartlett, Texas
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State of Texas
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1,001
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Minimum/ Medium
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Correctional
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January 2007
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|
(4) 1 year
|
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|
|
|
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|
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Bradshaw State Jail
Henderson, Texas
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|
State of Texas
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|
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1,980
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|
|
Minimum/ Medium
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Correctional
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|
January 2007
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|
(4) 1 year
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Dawson State Jail
Dallas, Texas
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|
State of Texas
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|
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2,216
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|
|
Minimum/ Medium
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Correctional
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|
January 2007
|
|
(4) 1 year
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|
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|
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Diboll Correctional Center
Diboll, Texas
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State of Texas
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518
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Minimum/ Medium
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Correctional
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January 2007
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(2) 1 year
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|
|
|
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|
|
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|
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Lindsey State Jail
Jacksboro, Texas
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|
State of Texas
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|
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1,031
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|
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Minimum/ Medium
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|
Correctional
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|
January 2007
|
|
(4) 1 year
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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Willacy State Jail
Raymondville, Texas
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|
State of Texas
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|
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1,069
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|
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Minimum/ Medium
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Correctional
|
|
January 2007
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|
(4) 1 year
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|
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Leased Facilities:
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Leo Chesney Correctional Center
Live Oak, California
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Cornell Corrections
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240
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|
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Minimum
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Owned/Leased
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September 2010
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Queensgate Correctional Facility
Cincinnati, Ohio
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Hamilton County, Ohio
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850
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|
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Medium
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Owned/Leased
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February 2007
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Community Education Partners (N)
Houston, Texas
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Community Education Partners
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Non-secure
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Owned/Leased
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June 2008
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(3) 5 year
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(A)
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Design capacity measures the number of beds, and accordingly, the number of inmates
each facility is designed to accommodate. Facilities housing detainees on a short term
basis may exceed the original intended design capacity for sentenced inmates due to the
lower level of services required by detainees in custody for a brief period. From time to
time we may evaluate the design capacity of our facilities based on customers using the
facilities, and the ability to
reconfigure space with minimal capital outlays. As a result, the design capacity of certain
facilities may vary from the design capacity previously presented. We believe design
capacity is an appropriate measure for evaluating prison operations, because the revenue
generated by each facility is based on a per diem or monthly rate per inmate housed at the
facility paid by the corresponding contracting governmental entity.
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(B)
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We manage numerous facilities that have more than a single function (e.g., housing both
long-term sentenced adult prisoners and pre-trial detainees). The primary functional
categories into which facility types are identified were determined by the relative size of
prisoner populations in a particular facility on December 31, 2006. If, for example, a
1,000-bed facility housed 900 adult prisoners with sentences in excess of one year and 100
pre-trial detainees, the primary functional category to which it would be assigned would be
that of correctional facilities and not detention facilities. It should be understood that
the primary functional category to which multi-user facilities are assigned may change from
time to time.
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(C)
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Remaining renewal options represents the number of renewal options, if applicable, and
the term of each option renewal.
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13
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(D)
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The facility is subject to a ground lease with the County of San Diego whereby the
initial lease term is 18 years from the commencement of the contract, as defined. The
County has the right to buy out all, or designated portions of, the premises at various
times prior to the expiration of the term at a price generally equal to the cost of the
premises, or the designated portion of the premises, less an allowance for the amortization
over a 20-year period. Upon expiration of the lease, ownership of the facility
automatically reverts to the County of San Diego.
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(E)
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The facility is subject to a purchase option held by Huerfano County which grants
Huerfano County the right to purchase the facility upon an early termination of the
contract at a price generally equal to the cost of the facility plus 80% of the percentage
increase in the Consumer Price Index, cumulated annually.
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(F)
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The facility is subject to a purchase option held by the Georgia Department of
Corrections, or GDOC, which grants the GDOC the right to purchase the facility for the
lesser of the facilitys depreciated book value or fair market value at any time during the
term of the contract between us and the GDOC.
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(G)
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The facility is subject to a deed of conveyance with the city of Wheelwright, Kentucky
which included provisions that would allow assumption of ownership by the city of
Wheelwright under the following occurrences: (1) we cease to operate the facility for more
than two years, (2) our failure to maintain at least one employee for a period of sixty
consecutive days, or (3) a conversion to a maximum security facility based upon
classification by the Kentucky Corrections Cabinet.
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(H)
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The facility is subject to a purchase option held by the Tallahatchie County
Correctional Authority which grants Tallahatchie County Correctional Authority the right to
purchase the facility at any time during the contract at a price generally equal to the
cost of the premises less an allowance for amortization over a 20-year period. During
October 2005, we completed an amendment to extend the amortization period through 2035,
which could be further extended to 2050 in the event we expand the facility by at least 200
beds. We currently expect to expand the facility by 360 beds, due to be completed during
the fourth quarter of 2007, which will extend the amortization period through 2050.
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(I)
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The state of Montana has an option to purchase the facility generally at any time
during the term of the contract with us at fair market value less the sum of a
pre-determined portion of per diem payments made to us by the state of Montana.
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(J)
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The facility is subject to a purchase option held by the Oklahoma Department of
Corrections, or ODC, which grants the ODC the right to purchase the facility at its fair
market value at any time.
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(K)
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Upon the conclusion of the thirty-year ground lease with Shelby County, Tennessee, the
facility will become the property of Shelby County. Prior to such time, if the County
terminates the lease without cause, breaches the lease or the State fails to fund the
contract, we may purchase the property for $150,000. If we terminate the lease without
cause, or breach the contract, we will be required to purchase the property for its fair
market value as agreed to by the County and us.
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(L)
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The state of Tennessee has the option to purchase the facility in the event of our
bankruptcy, or upon an operational breach, as defined, at a price equal to the book value
of the facility, as defined.
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(M)
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The District of Columbia has the right to purchase the facility at any time during the
term of the contract at a price generally equal to the present value of the remaining lease
payments for the premises. Upon expiration of the lease, ownership of the facility
automatically reverts to the District of Columbia.
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(N)
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The alternative educational facility is currently configured to accommodate 900 at-risk
juveniles and may be expanded to accommodate a total of 1,400 at-risk juveniles.
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Facilities Under Construction or Development
In order to maintain an adequate supply of available beds to meet anticipated demand, while
offering the state of Hawaii the opportunity to consolidate its inmates into fewer facilities,
during the fourth quarter of 2005 we commenced construction of the Saguaro Correctional Facility, a
new 1,896-bed correctional facility located adjacent to our recently completed Red Rock
Correctional Center in Eloy, Arizona. The Saguaro Correctional Facility is expected to be
completed mid-2007 at an estimated cost of approximately $103 million. We currently expect to
consolidate inmates from the state of Hawaii from several of our other facilities to this new
facility. Although we can provide no assurance, we currently expect that growing state and federal
demand for beds will ultimately absorb the beds vacated by the state of Hawaii. As of December 31,
2006, we housed 1,873 inmates from the state of Hawaii.
During September 2005, we announced that Citrus County renewed its contract for our continued
management of the Citrus County Detention Facility located in Lecanto, Florida. The contract has a
ten-year base term with one five-year renewal option. The terms of the new agreement include a
360-bed expansion that we commenced during the fourth quarter of 2005. The expansion of the
facility, which is owned by the County, was substantially completed during the first quarter of
2007 at a cost of approximately $18.5 million, which we funded with cash on hand. If the County
terminates the management contract at any time prior to twenty years following completion of
construction, the County would be required to pay us an amount equal to the construction cost less
an allowance for the amortization over a twenty-year period.
14
In July 2006 we were notified by the state of Colorado that the State had accepted our proposal to
expand our 700-bed Bent County Correctional Facility in Las Animas, Colorado by 720 beds to fulfill
part of a 2,250-bed request for proposal issued by the state of Colorado in December 2005. As a
result of the award, we have now entered into an Implementation Agreement with the state of
Colorado for the expansion of our Bent County Correctional Facility by 720 beds. In addition,
during November 2006 we entered into another Implementation Agreement to also expand our 768-bed
Kit Carson Correctional Center in Burlington, Colorado by 720 beds.
We expect to commence construction on the expansion of the Bent and Kit Carson facilities during
the first half of 2007. Construction of the Bent and Kit Carson facilities is estimated to cost
approximately $88 million. Both expansions are anticipated to be completed during the second
quarter of 2008.
Based on our expectation of demand from a number of existing state and federal customers, during
August 2006 we announced our intention to expand our 1,440-bed North Fork Correctional Facility by
960 beds, our 1,104-bed Tallahatchie County Correctional Facility by 360 beds, and our 568-bed
Crossroads Correctional Center by 96 beds. The estimated cost to complete these expansions is
approximately $81 million.
During January 2007, we announced that we received a contract award from the BOP to house up to
1,558 federal inmates at our Eden Detention Center in Eden, Texas. We currently house
approximately 1,300 BOP inmates at the Eden facility, under an existing inter-governmental service
agreement between the BOP and the City of Eden. The contract requires a renovation of the Eden
facility, which will result in an additional 129 beds. Upon completion, the Eden facility will
have a rated capacity of 1,354 beds. Renovation of the Eden facility is expected to be completed in
the first quarter of 2008 at an estimated cost of $20.0 million.
Business Development
We are currently the nations largest provider of outsourced correctional management services. We
believe we manage approximately 50% of all beds under contract with private operators of
correctional and detention facilities in the United States.
Under the direction of our business development department and our senior management and with the
aid, where appropriate, of certain independent consultants, we market our services to government
agencies responsible for federal, state, and local correctional facilities in the United States.
Business from our federal customers, including primarily the BOP, USMS, and ICE, continues to be a
significant component of our business accounting for 40%, 39%, and 38% of total revenue in 2006,
2005, and 2004, respectively. The BOP, USMS, and ICE were our only customers that accounted for 10%
or more of our total revenue during these years. The BOP accounted for 14%, 16%, and 16% of total
revenue for the years ended 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. The USMS accounted for 15% of
total revenue for each of the years ended 2006, 2005, and 2004. ICE accounted for 11%, 8%, and 8%
of total revenue for 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. Contracts at the federal level generally
offer more favorable contract terms. For example, certain federal contracts contain take-or-pay
clauses that guarantee us a certain amount of management revenue, regardless of occupancy levels.
We currently expect business from our federal customers to continue to result in increasing
revenue, based on our belief that the federal governments enhanced focus on illegal immigration
and initiatives to secure the nations borders will result in increased demand for federal
detention services.
In addition, business from our state customers, which constituted 48% of total revenue during 2006,
increased 11.4% from $579.2 million during 2005 to $645.1 million during 2006, as we have also
experienced an increase in demand from state customers. While we believe we have been successful
in expanding our relationships with existing customers, we have also begun to provide correctional
services to states that have not previously utilized the private sector for their correctional
needs.
15
We believe that we can further develop our business by, among other things:
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Maintaining and expanding our existing customer relationships and continuing to fill
existing beds within our facilities, while maintaining an adequate inventory of
available beds through new facility construction and expansion opportunities that we
believe provides us with flexibility and a competitive advantage when bidding for new
management contracts;
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Enhancing the terms of our existing contracts; and
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Establishing relationships with new customers who have either previously not
outsourced their correctional management needs or have utilized other private
enterprises.
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We generally receive inquiries from or on behalf of government agencies that are considering
outsourcing the management of certain facilities or that have already decided to contract with
private enterprise. When we receive such an inquiry, we determine whether there is an existing
need for our services and whether the legal and political climate in which the inquiring party
operates is conducive to serious consideration of outsourcing. Based on the findings, an initial
cost analysis is conducted to further determine project feasibility.
We pursue our business opportunities through Request for Proposals, or RFPs, and Request for
Qualifications, or RFQs. RFPs and RFQs are issued by government agencies and are solicited for bid
by private enterprises.
Generally, government agencies responsible for correctional and detention services procure goods
and services through RFPs and RFQs. Most of our activities in the area of securing new business
are in the form of responding to RFPs. As part of our process of responding to RFPs, members of
our management team meet with the appropriate personnel from the agency making the request to best
determine the agencys needs. If the project fits within our strategy, we submit a written
response to the RFP. A typical RFP requires bidders to provide detailed information, including,
but not limited to, the service to be provided by the bidder, its experience and qualifications,
and the price at which the bidder is willing to provide the services (which services may include
the renovation, improvement or expansion of an existing facility or the planning, design and
construction of a new facility). Based on the proposals received in response to an RFP, the agency
will award a contract to the successful bidder. In addition to issuing formal RFPs, local
jurisdictions may issue an RFQ. In the RFQ process, the requesting agency selects a firm believed
to be most qualified to provide the requested services and then negotiates the terms of the
contract with that firm, which terms include the price at which its services are to be provided.
Competitive Strengths
We believe that we benefit from the following competitive strengths:
The Largest and Most Recognized Private Prison Operator.
Our recognition as the industrys leading
private prison operator provides us with significant credibility with our current and prospective
clients. We manage approximately 50% of all privately managed prison beds in the United States.
We pioneered modern-day private prisons with a list of notable accomplishments, such as being the
first company to design, build, and operate a private prison and the first company to manage a
private maximum-security facility under a direct contract with the federal government. In addition
to providing us with extensive experience and institutional knowledge, our size also helps us
deliver value to our customers by providing purchasing power and allowing us to achieve certain
economies of scale.
16
Available Beds within Our Existing Facilities.
As of December 31, 2006, we had two facilities, our
Stewart County Correctional Facility and North Fork Correctional Facility, which had significant
vacancies and provided us with approximately 1,150 beds. We completed construction of our
1,596-bed Red Rock Correctional Center in July 2006 which as of December 31, 2006 resulted in
approximately 750 available beds, including approximately 375 beds at our Florence Correctional
Center, from which we relocated the state of Alaska inmates to the Red Rock Correctional Center,
and approximately 375 beds that remain vacant at the Red Rock facility. Further, there were
approximately 1,100 additional available beds at six of our other facilities as of December 31,
2006. Substantially all of these available beds are either under contract or are targeted for
specific customers. As a result, we believe that substantially all of these beds will be utilized
in the near term.
Development and Expansion Opportunitie
s. As a result of persistent demand from both our federal
and state customers, the utilization of a significant portion of our available beds, and the
expectation of an environment that continues to be constrained by a lack of available supply of
prison beds, we have intensified our efforts to deliver new bed capacity through development of new
prison facilities and the expansion of certain of our existing facilities.
During 2005 we commenced construction of the new 1,896-bed Saguaro Correctional Facility adjacent
to the Red Rock facility. This new facility is expected to be complete mid-2007. We are also
actively pursuing a number of additional sites for new prison development. We believe it is
feasible to begin development of an additional 4,000 to 6,000 new prison beds during the course of
the next year.
During 2006 and early 2007, we also announced our intention to expand six of the facilities we own
by an aggregate of 2,985 beds as a result of increasing demand from our existing customers. We
expect these expansions to be complete at various times over the next 18 months. Our customers
have also engaged us to expand certain facilities they own that we manage for them. We are funding
a 360-bed expansion of one such facility, while another customer is funding the expansion of two of
their facilities aggregating 619 beds. We expect to manage these expansion beds upon completion in
2007.
Although we have identified potential customers for a substantial portion of these new beds, we can
provide no assurance that these beds will be utilized. Further, none of the customers that we
expect to fill the expansion beds has provided a guarantee of occupancy.
Diverse, High Quality Customer Base.
We provide services under management contracts with federal,
state, and local agencies that generally have credit ratings of single-A or better. In addition, a
majority of our contracts have terms between one and five years which contribute to our relatively
predictable and stable revenue base.
Proven Senior Management Team.
Our senior management team has applied their prior experience and
diverse industry expertise to significantly improve our operations, related financial results, and
capital structure. Under our senior management teams leadership, we have created new business
opportunities with customers that have not previously utilized the private corrections sector,
expanded relationships with existing customers, including all three federal correctional and
detention agencies, and successfully completed numerous recapitalization and refinancing
transactions, resulting in increases in revenues, operating income, facility operating margins, and
profitability.
Financial Flexibility.
As of December 31, 2006, we had cash on hand of $29.1 million, investments
of $82.8 million, and $112.1 million available under our $150.0 million revolving credit facility.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, we generated $172.0 million in cash through operating
activities, and as of December 31, 2006, we had net working capital of $226.9 million. In
addition, we have an effective shelf registration statement under which we may issue an
indeterminate amount of
17
securities from time to time when we determine that market conditions and
the opportunity to utilize the proceeds from the issuance of such securities are favorable.
As a result of the completion of numerous recapitalization and refinancing transactions over the
past several years, we have significantly reduced our exposure to variable rate debt, eliminated
all of our subordinated indebtedness, lowered our after tax interest obligations associated with
our outstanding debt, further increasing our cash flow, and extended our total weighted average
debt maturities. Also as a result of the completion of these capital transactions, covenants under
our senior bank credit facility were amended to provide greater flexibility for, among other
matters, incurring unsecured indebtedness, capital expenditures, and permitted acquisitions. With
the most recent pay-off of our senior bank credit facility in January 2006 and the completion of
our revolving credit facility in February 2006, we removed the requirement to secure the senior
bank credit facility with liens on our real estate assets and, instead, collateralized the facility
primarily with security interests in our accounts receivable and deposit accounts. We also expanded
our borrowing capacity with the revolving credit facility. At December 31, 2006, our total weighted
average stated interest rate was 6.9% and our total weighted average debt maturity was 5.5 years.
As an indication of the improvement of our operational performance and financial flexibility,
Standard & Poors Ratings Services has raised our corporate credit rating from B at December 31,
2000 to BB- currently (an improvement by two ratings levels), and our senior unsecured debt
rating from CCC+ to BB- (an improvement by four ratings levels). Moodys Investors Service has
upgraded our senior unsecured debt rating from Caa1 at December 31, 2000 to Ba2 currently (an
improvement by five ratings levels).
Business Strategy
Our primary business strategy is to provide quality corrections services, offer a compelling value,
and increase occupancy and revenue, while maintaining our position as the leading owner, operator,
and manager of privatized correctional and detention facilities. We will also consider
opportunities for growth, including potential acquisitions of businesses within our line of
business and those that provide complementary services, provided we believe such opportunities will
broaden our market and/or increase the services we can provide to our customers.
Own and Operate High Quality Correctional and Detention Facilities
. We believe that our customers
choose an outsourced correctional service provider based primarily on the quality services
provided. Approximately 85% of the facilities we operated as of December 31, 2006 are accredited
by the ACA, an independent organization of corrections industry professionals that establishes
standards by which a correctional facility may gain accreditation. We believe that this percentage
compares favorably to the percentage of government-operated adult prisons that are accredited by
the ACA. We have experienced wardens managing our facilities, with an average of over 23 years of
corrections experience and an average tenure of over ten years with us.
Offer Compelling Value.
We believe that our customers also seek a compelling value and service
offering when selecting an outsourced correctional services provider. We believe that we offer a
cost-effective alternative to our customers by reducing their correctional services costs. We
attempt to accomplish this through improving operating performance and efficiency through the
following key operating initiatives: (1) standardizing supply and service purchasing practices and
usage; (2) implementing a standard approach to staffing and business practices in an effort to
reduce our fixed expenses; (3) improving inmate management, resource consumption, and reporting
procedures through the utilization of numerous technological initiatives; and (4) improving
productivity and reducing employee turnover. We also intend to continue to implement a wide
variety of specialized services that address the unique needs of various segments of the inmate
population. Because the facilities we operate differ with respect to security levels, ages,
genders, and cultures of inmates, we focus on the particular needs of an inmate population and
tailor our services based on local conditions and our ability to provide services on a
cost-effective basis.
18
Increase Occupancy and Revenue.
Our industry benefits from significant economies of scale,
resulting in lower operating costs per inmate as occupancy rates increase. We believe we have been
successful in increasing occupancy and continue to pursue a number of initiatives intended to
further increase our revenue. We are focused on renewing and enhancing the terms of our existing
contracts, and have intensified our efforts to create new bed capacity and take advantage of
additional expansion opportunities that we believe have favorable investment returns and increase
value to our stockholders.
The Corrections and Detention Industry
We believe we are well-positioned to capitalize on government outsourcing of correctional
management services because of our competitive strengths and business strategy. The key reasons
for this outsourcing trend include:
Growing United States Prison Population
. The average annual growth rate of the prison population
in the United States between December 1995 and December 2005 was 3.1%. The growth rate declined
somewhat to 1.9% for the year ended December 31, 2005, with the sentenced state prison population
rising by 1.6%. However, for the year ended December 31, 2005, the sentenced prison population for
the federal government rose 4.4%. During 2005, the number of federal inmates increased 5.1%.
Federal agencies are collectively our largest customer and accounted for 40% of our total revenues
(when aggregating all of our federal contracts) for the year ended December 31, 2006. The
Department of Homeland Security has also increased its efforts to secure Americas borders and
reduce illegal immigration through its Secure Border Initiative, or SBI. According to the
Department of Homeland Security, the overall vision of SBI includes more agents to patrol Americas
borders, secure ports of entry and enforce immigration laws, and expand detention and removal
capabilities to eliminate the catch and release policy. In 2005, the President signed the
Homeland Security Appropriations Bill into law, which included an 11% increase for U.S. Customs and
Border Protection, adding more border patrol agents and funding for detention beds. In May 2006,
the Senate passed legislation calling for stronger border enforcement. We believe these initiatives
could lead to meaningful growth to the private corrections industry in general, and to our company
in particular. We also believe growth will come from the growing demographic of the 18 to 24
year-old at-risk population. Males between 18 and 24 years of age have demonstrated the highest
propensity for criminal behavior and the highest rates of arrest, conviction, and incarceration.
Prison Overcrowding
. The significant growth of the prison population in the United States has led
to overcrowding in the state and federal prison systems. In 2005, at least 23 states and the
federal prison system reported operating at or above capacity. The federal prison system was
operating at 34% above capacity at December 31, 2005.
Acceptance of Privatization.
The prisoner population housed in privately managed facilities in the
United States as of December 31, 2005 was approximately 107,400, or 7.0% of all inmates under
federal and state jurisdiction. At December 31, 2005, 14.4% of federal inmates and 6.0% of state
inmates were held in private facilities. Since December 31, 2000, the number of federal inmates
held in private facilities has increased approximately 74%, while the number held in state
facilities has increased approximately 7%. Fourteen states had prison population increases of at
least 5% during the year ended December 31, 2005. Five states, all of which are our customers,
housed at least 25% of their prison population in private facilities as of December 31, 2005 New
Mexico (43%), Wyoming (41%), Hawaii (31%), Alaska (28%), and Montana (26%).
Governmental Budgeting Constraints
. We believe the outsourcing of prison management services to
private operators allows governments to manage increasing inmate populations while simultaneously
controlling correctional costs and improving correctional services. The use of facilities owned
and managed by private operators allows governments to expand prison capacity without incurring
large
19
capital commitments required to increase correctional capacity. In addition, contracting
with a private operator allows governmental agencies to add beds without making significant capital
investment or incurring new debt. We believe these advantages translate into significant cost
savings for government agencies. The approved fiscal year 2007 budget for the ICE includes funding to sustain 27,500 detention beds
a day during the fiscal yearup from 19,718 beds a day in fiscal year 2005. The proposed fiscal
year 2008 budget for ICE calls for an additional 950 detention beds a day for a total of 28,450
during the fiscal year. The approved fiscal year 2007 budget for the Office of the Federal
Detention Trustee (which has budgetary responsibility for USMS prisoner detention) allocates a
total of $1.225 billion and the proposed fiscal year 2008 budget for the Office of the Federal
Detention Trustee calls for a total of $1.294 billion. The approved fiscal year 2007 budget for the
BOP provides a total of $4.974 billion for BOP Salaries and Expenses (where Contract
Confinement costs are included), and the proposed fiscal year 2008 budget for BOP Salaries and
Expenses calls for a total of $5.181 billion during the fiscal year, of which $824 million is
proposed for Contract Confinement. If approved at that level, it would represent a significant
increase in the Contract Confinement account over the fiscal year 2007 level. We believe these
numbers reflect a clear understanding by both the administration and Congress of the need for
additional capacity and a commitment to allocate resources for additional public and private beds.
Government Regulation
Business Regulations
The industry in which we operate is subject to extensive federal, state, and local regulations,
including educational, health care, and safety regulations, which are administered by many
regulatory authorities. Some of the regulations are unique to the corrections industry and the
combination of regulations we face is unique. Facility management contracts typically include
reporting requirements, supervision, and on-site monitoring by representatives of the contracting
governmental agencies. Corrections officers and juvenile care workers are customarily required to
meet certain training standards and, in some instances, facility personnel are required to be
licensed and subject to background investigation. Certain jurisdictions also require us to award
subcontracts on a competitive basis or to subcontract with businesses owned by members of minority
groups. Our facilities are also subject to operational and financial audits by the governmental
agencies with which we have contracts. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in
material penalties or non-renewal or termination of facility management contracts.
In addition, private prison managers are increasingly subject to government legislation and
regulation attempting to restrict the ability of private prison managers to house certain types of
inmates. Legislation has been enacted in several states, and has previously been proposed in the
United States Congress, containing such restrictions. Although we do not believe that existing
legislation will have a material adverse effect on us, there can be no assurance that future
legislation would not have such an effect.
Environmental Matters
Under various federal, state, and local environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, a current
or previous owner or operator of real property may be liable for the costs of removal or
remediation of hazardous or toxic substances on, under, or in such property. Such laws often
impose liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence
of such hazardous or toxic substances. As an owner of correctional and detention facilities, we
have been subject to these laws, ordinances, and regulations as the result of our operation and
management of correctional and detention facilities. Phase I environmental assessments have been
obtained on substantially all of the properties we currently own. The cost of complying with
environmental laws could materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of
operations.
Americans with Disabilities Act
The correctional and detention facilities we operate and manage are subject to the Americans with
Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended. The Americans with Disabilities Act, or the ADA, has
separate compliance requirements for public accommodations and commercial facilities but
generally requires that public facilities such as correctional and detention facilities be made
accessible to people with disabilities. Noncompliance could result in the imposition of fines or
an award of damages to
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private litigants. Although we believe we are in compliance, additional
expenditures incurred in order to comply with the ADA at our facilities, if deemed necessary, would
not likely have a material adverse effect on our business and operations.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
In 1996, Congress enacted the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, or
HIPAA. HIPAA is designed to improve the portability and continuity of health insurance coverage,
simplify the administration of health insurance, and protect the privacy and security of
health-related information. Privacy regulations promulgated under HIPAA regulate the use and disclosure of individually
identifiable health-related information, whether communicated electronically, on paper, or orally.
The regulations also provide patients with significant new rights related to understanding and
controlling how their health information is used or disclosed. Security regulations promulgated
under HIPAA require that health care providers implement administrative, physical, and technical
practices to protect the security of individually identifiable health information that is
maintained or transmitted electronically. Examples of mandated safeguards include requirements that
notices of the entitys privacy practices be sent and that patients and insureds be given the right
to access and request amendments to their records. Authorizations are required before a provider,
insurer, or clearinghouse can use health information for marketing and certain other purposes.
Additionally, health plans are required to electronically transmit and receive certain standardized
health care information. These regulations require the implementation of compliance training and
awareness programs for our health care service providers associated with healthcare we provide to
inmates, and selected other employees primarily associated with our employee medical plans.
Insurance
We maintain a general liability insurance policy of $5.0 million per occurrence for all the
facilities we operate, as well as insurance in amounts we deem adequate to cover property and
casualty risks, workers compensation, and directors and officers liability. In addition, each of
our leases with third-parties provides that the lessee will maintain insurance on each leased
property under the lessees insurance policies providing for the following coverages: (i) fire,
vandalism, and malicious mischief, extended coverage perils, and all physical loss perils; (ii)
comprehensive general public liability (including personal injury and property damage); and (iii)
workers compensation. Under each of these leases, we have the right to periodically review our
lessees insurance coverage and provide input with respect thereto.
Each of our management contracts and the statutes of certain states require the maintenance of
insurance. We maintain various insurance policies including employee health, workers
compensation, automobile liability, and general liability insurance. Because we are significantly
self-insured for employee health, workers compensation, and automobile liability insurance, the
amount of our insurance expense is dependent on claims experience, and our ability to control our
claims experience. Our insurance policies contain various deductibles and stop-loss amounts
intended to limit our exposure for individually significant occurrences. However, the nature of
our self-insurance policies provides little protection for a deterioration in overall claims
experience. Although we have experienced modest improvements in claims experience in both employee
medical and workers compensation, we are continually developing strategies to improve the
management of our future loss claims but can provide no assurance that these strategies will be
successful. Additionally, we have not recently experienced the increases in general liability and
other types of insurance we experienced over the past few years that resulted from the terrorist
attacks on September 11, 2001, and due to concerns over corporate governance and corporate
accounting scandals. However, unanticipated additional insurance expenses resulting from adverse
claims experience or an increasing cost environment for general liability and other types of
insurance could adversely impact our results of operations and cash
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flows. See Risk Factors
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry We are subject to necessary insurance costs.
Employees
As of December 31, 2006, we employed approximately 16,000 employees. Of such employees,
approximately 300 were employed at our corporate offices and approximately 15,700 were employed at
our facilities and in our inmate transportation business. We employ personnel in the following
areas: clerical and administrative, facility administrators/wardens, security, medical, quality
assurance, transportation and scheduling, maintenance, teachers, counselors, and other support
services.
Each of the correctional and detention facilities we currently operate is managed as a separate
operational unit by the facility administrator or warden. All of these facilities follow a
standardized code of policies and procedures.
We have not experienced a strike or work stoppage at any of our facilities. Approximately 1,100
employees at six of our facilities are represented by labor unions. In the opinion of management,
overall employee relations are generally considered good.
Competition
The correctional and detention facilities we operate and manage, as well as those facilities we own
but are managed by other operators, are subject to competition for inmates from other private
prison managers. We compete primarily on the basis of bed availability, cost, the quality and
range of services offered, our experience in the operation and management of correctional and
detention facilities, and our reputation. We compete with government agencies that are responsible
for correctional facilities and a number of privatized correctional service companies, including,
but not limited to, the GEO Group, Inc., Cornell Companies, Inc, and Management and Training
Corporation. We also compete in some markets with small local companies that may have a better
knowledge of the local conditions and may be better able to gain political and public acceptance.
Other potential competitors may in the future enter into businesses competitive with us without a
substantial capital investment or prior experience. We may also compete in the future for new
development projects with companies that have more financial resources than we have. Competition by
other companies may adversely affect the number of inmates at our facilities, which could have a
material adverse effect on the operating revenue of our facilities. In addition, revenue derived
from our facilities will be affected
by a number of factors, including the demand for inmate beds, general economic conditions, and the
age of the general population.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.
As the owner and operator of correctional and detention facilities, we are subject to certain risks
and uncertainties associated with, among other things, the corrections and detention industry and
pending or threatened litigation in which we are involved. In addition, we are also currently
subject to risks associated with our indebtedness. These risks and uncertainties set forth below
could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking
statements contained herein and elsewhere. The risks described below are not the only risks we
face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or those we currently deem to
be immaterial may also materially and adversely affect our business operations. Any of the
following risks could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, or results of
operations.
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Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
Our results of operations are dependent on revenues generated by our jails, prisons, and detention
facilities, which are subject to the following risks associated with the corrections and detention
industry.
We are subject to fluctuations in occupancy levels.
While a substantial portion of our cost
structure is fixed, a substantial portion of our revenues are generated under facility management
contracts that specify per diem payments based upon occupancy. Under a per diem rate structure, a
decrease in our occupancy rates could cause a decrease in revenue and profitability. Average
compensated occupancy for our facilities in operation for 2006, 2005, and 2004 was 94.9%, 91.4%,
and 94.9%, respectively. Occupancy rates may, however, decrease below these levels in the future.
Competition for inmates may adversely affect the profitability of our business.
We compete with
government entities and other private operators on the basis of cost, quality, and range of
services offered, experience in managing facilities and reputation of management and personnel.
While there are barriers to entering the market for the management of correctional and detention
facilities, these barriers may not be sufficient to limit additional competition. In addition, our
government customers may assume the management of a facility that they own and we currently manage
for them upon the termination of the corresponding management contract or, if such customers have
capacity at their facilities, may take inmates currently housed in our facilities and transfer them
to government run facilities. Since we are paid on a per diem basis with no minimum guaranteed
occupancy under most of our contracts, the loss of such inmates and resulting decrease in occupancy
would cause a decrease in our revenues and profitability.
Escapes, inmate disturbances, and public resistance to privatization of correctional and detention
facilities could result in our inability to obtain new contracts or the loss of existing contracts.
The operation of correctional and detention facilities by private entities has not achieved
complete acceptance by either governments or the public. The movement toward privatization of
correctional and detention facilities has also encountered resistance from certain groups, such as
labor unions and others that believe that correctional and detention facilities should only be
operated by governmental agencies.
Moreover, negative publicity about an escape, riot or other disturbance or perceived poor
conditions at a privately managed facility may result in publicity adverse to us and the private
corrections industry in general. Any of these occurrences or continued trends may make it more
difficult for us to renew or maintain existing contracts or to obtain new contracts, which could
have a material adverse effect on our business.
We are subject to termination or non-renewal of our government contracts.
We typically enter into
facility management contracts with governmental entities for terms of up to five years, with
additional renewal periods at the option of the contracting governmental agency. Notwithstanding
any contractual renewal option of a contracting governmental agency,
39 of our facility management
contracts with the customers listed under Business Facility Portfolio Facilities and
Facility Management Contracts have expired or are currently scheduled to expire on or before
December 31, 2007. See Business Facility Portfolio Facilities and Facility Management
contracts. One or more of these contracts may not be renewed by the corresponding governmental
agency. In addition, these and any other contracting agencies may determine not to exercise
renewal options with respect to any of our contracts in the future. Governmental agencies
typically may also terminate a facility contract at any time without cause or use the possibility
of termination to negotiate a lower fee for per diem rates. In the event any of our management
contracts are terminated or are not renewed on favorable terms or otherwise, we may not be able to
obtain additional replacement contracts. The non-renewal or termination of any of our contracts
with governmental agencies could materially adversely
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affect our financial condition, results of
operations and liquidity, including our ability to secure new facility management contracts from
others.
We are dependent on government appropriations.
Our cash flow is subject to the receipt of
sufficient funding of and timely payment by contracting governmental entities. If the appropriate
governmental agency does not receive sufficient appropriations to cover its contractual
obligations, it may terminate our contract or delay or reduce payment to us. Any delays in
payment, or the termination of a contract, could have an adverse effect on our cash flow and
financial condition. In addition, federal, state and local governments are constantly under
pressure to control additional spending or reduce current levels of spending. These pressures may
be compounded by negative economic developments. Accordingly, we may be requested in the future to
reduce our existing per diem contract rates or forego prospective increases to those rates. In
addition, it may become more difficult to renew our existing contracts on favorable terms or
otherwise.
Our ability to secure new contracts to develop and manage correctional and detention facilities
depends on many factors outside our control.
Our growth is generally dependent upon our ability to
obtain new contracts to develop and manage new correctional and detention facilities. This
possible growth depends on a number of factors we cannot control, including crime rates and
sentencing patterns in various jurisdictions and acceptance of privatization. The demand for our
facilities and services could be adversely affected by the relaxation of enforcement efforts,
leniency in conviction and sentencing practices or through the decriminalization of certain
activities that are currently proscribed by our criminal laws. For instance, any changes with
respect to drugs and controlled substances or illegal immigration could affect the number of
persons arrested, convicted, and sentenced, thereby potentially reducing demand for correctional
facilities to house them. Legislation has been proposed in numerous jurisdictions that could lower
minimum sentences for some non-violent crimes and make more inmates eligible for early release
based on good behavior. Also, sentencing alternatives under consideration could put some offenders
on probation with electronic monitoring who would otherwise be incarcerated. Similarly, reductions
in crime rates could lead to reductions in arrests, convictions and sentences requiring
incarceration at correctional facilities.
Moreover, certain jurisdictions recently have required successful bidders to make a significant
capital investment in connection with the financing of a particular project, a trend that will
require us to have
sufficient capital resources to compete effectively. We may compete for such projects with
companies that have more financial resources than we have. Further, we may not be able to obtain
the capital resources when needed.
We may face community opposition to facility location, which may adversely affect our ability to
obtain new contracts
. Our success in obtaining new awards and contracts sometimes depends, in
part, upon our ability to locate land that can be leased or acquired, on economically favorable
terms, by us or other entities working with us in conjunction with our proposal to construct and/or
manage a facility. Some locations may be in or near populous areas and, therefore, may generate
legal action or other forms of opposition from residents in areas surrounding a proposed site. When
we select the intended project site, we attempt to conduct business in communities where local
leaders and residents generally support the establishment of a privatized correctional or detention
facility. Future efforts to find suitable host communities may not be successful. In many cases,
the site selection is made by the contracting governmental entity. In such cases, site selection
may be made for reasons related to political and/or economic development interests and may lead to
the selection of sites that have less favorable environments.
We may incur significant start-up and operating costs on new contracts before receiving related
revenues, which may impact our cash flows and not be recouped.
When we are awarded a contract to
manage a facility, we may incur significant start-up and operating expenses, including the cost of
constructing the facility, purchasing equipment and staffing the facility, before we receive any
24
payments under the contract. These expenditures could result in a significant reduction in our
cash reserves and may make it more difficult for us to meet other cash obligations. In addition, a
contract may be terminated prior to its scheduled expiration and as a result we may not recover
these expenditures or realize any return on our investment.
Failure to comply with unique and increased governmental regulation could result in material
penalties or non-renewal or termination of our contracts to manage correctional and detention
facilities.
The industry in which we operate is subject to extensive federal, state, and local
regulations, including educational, health care, and safety regulations, which are administered by
many regulatory authorities. Some of the regulations are unique to the corrections industry and
the combination of regulations we face is unique. Facility management contracts typically include
reporting requirements, supervision, and on-site monitoring by representatives of the contracting
governmental agencies. Corrections officers and juvenile care workers are customarily required to
meet certain training standards and, in some instances, facility personnel are required to be
licensed and subject to background investigation. Certain jurisdictions also require us to award
subcontracts on a competitive basis or to subcontract with businesses owned by members of minority
groups. Our facilities are also subject to operational and financial audits by the governmental
agencies with whom we have contracts. We may not always successfully comply with these
regulations, and failure to comply can result in material penalties or non-renewal or termination
of facility management contracts.
In addition, private prison managers are increasingly subject to government legislation and
regulation attempting to restrict the ability of private prison managers to house certain types of
inmates, such as inmates from other jurisdictions or inmates at medium or higher security levels.
Legislation has been enacted in several states, and has previously been proposed in the United
States Congress, containing such restrictions. Such legislation may have an adverse effect on us.
Our inmate transportation subsidiary, TransCor, is subject to regulations stipulated by the
Departments of Transportation and Justice. TransCor must also comply with the Interstate
Transportation of Dangerous Criminals Act of 2000, which covers operational aspects of transporting
prisoners, including, but not limited to, background checks and drug testing of employees; employee
training; employee hours; staff-to-inmate ratios; prisoner restraints; communication with local law
enforcement;
and standards to help ensure the safety of prisoners during transport. We are subject to changes in
such regulations, which could result in an increase in the cost of our transportation operations.
Moreover, the Federal Communications Commission, or the FCC, has published for comment a petition
for rulemaking, filed on behalf of an inmate family, which would prevent private prison managers
from collecting commissions from the operations of inmate telephone systems. We believe that there
are sound reasons for the collection of such commissions by all operators of prisons, whether
public or private. The FCC has traditionally deferred from rulemaking in this area; however, there
is the risk that the FCC could act to prohibit private prison managers, like us, from collecting
such revenues. Such an outcome could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Government agencies may investigate and audit our contracts and, if any improprieties are found, we
may be required to refund revenues we have received, to forego anticipated revenues, and we may be
subject to penalties and sanctions, including prohibitions on our bidding in response to RFPs.
Certain of the governmental agencies with which we contract have the authority to audit and
investigate our contracts with them. As part of that process, government agencies may review our
performance of the contract, our pricing practices, our cost structure and our compliance with
applicable laws, regulations and standards. For contracts that actually or effectively provide for
certain reimbursement of expenses, if an agency determines that we have improperly allocated costs
to a specific contract, we may not be reimbursed for those costs, and we could be required to
refund the amount of any such costs that have been reimbursed. If a government audit asserts
improper or illegal activities by us, we may be subject to civil and criminal penalties and
administrative sanctions, including termination of contracts,
25
forfeitures of profits, suspension of
payments, fines and suspension or disqualification from doing business with certain government
entities. Any adverse determination could adversely impact our ability to bid in response to RFPs
in one or more jurisdictions.
We depend on a limited number of governmental customers for a significant portion of our revenues.
We currently derive, and expect to continue to derive, a significant portion of our revenues from a
limited number of governmental agencies. The loss of, or a significant decrease in, business from
the BOP, ICE, USMS, or various state agencies could seriously harm our financial condition and
results of operations. The three primary federal governmental agencies with correctional and
detention responsibilities, the BOP, ICE, and USMS, accounted for 40% of our total revenues for the
fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 ($529.7 million). The USMS accounted for 14.6% of our total
revenues for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 ($194.7 million), the BOP accounted for 14.3%
of our total revenues for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 ($190.8 million), and ICE
accounted for 10.8% of our total revenues for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 ($144.2
million). We expect to continue to depend upon the federal agencies and a relatively small group
of other governmental customers for a significant percentage of our revenues.
A decrease in occupancy levels could cause a decrease in revenues and profitability.
While a
substantial portion of our cost structure is generally fixed, a significant portion of our revenues
are generated under facility management contracts which provide for per diem payments based upon
daily occupancy. We are dependent upon the governmental agencies with which we have contracts to
provide inmates for our managed facilities. We cannot control occupancy levels at our managed
facilities. Under a per diem rate structure, a decrease in our occupancy rates could cause a
decrease in revenues and profitability. When combined with relatively fixed costs for operating
each facility, regardless of the occupancy level, a decrease in occupancy levels could have a
material adverse effect on our profitability.
We are dependent upon our senior management and our ability to attract and retain sufficient
qualified personnel.
We are dependent upon the continued service of each member of our senior management team, including
John D. Ferguson, our President and Chief Executive Officer. The unexpected loss of any of these
persons could materially adversely affect our business and operations. We only have employment
agreements with our President and Chief Executive Officer; Executive Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer; Executive Vice President and Chief Corrections Officer; Executive Vice President
and Chief Human Resources Officer; and Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, all
of which expire in 2007 subject to annual renewals unless either party gives notice of termination.
In addition, the services we provide are labor-intensive. When we are awarded a facility
management contract or open a new facility, we must hire operating management, correctional
officers, and other personnel. The success of our business requires that we attract, develop, and
retain these personnel. Our inability to hire sufficient qualified personnel on a timely basis or
the loss of significant numbers of personnel at existing facilities could adversely affect our
business and operations.
We are subject to necessary insurance costs.
Workers compensation, employee health, and general liability insurance represent significant costs
to us. Because we are significantly self-insured for workers compensation, employee health, and
general liability risks, the amount of our insurance expense is dependent on claims experience, our
ability to control our claims experience, and in the case of workers compensation and employee
health, rising health care costs in general. Further, additional terrorist attacks such as those
on September 11, 2001, and concerns over corporate governance and corporate accounting scandals,
could make it more
26
difficult and costly to obtain liability and other types of insurance.
Unanticipated additional insurance costs could adversely impact our results of operations and cash
flows, and the failure to obtain or maintain any necessary insurance coverage could have a material
adverse effect on us.
We may be adversely affected by inflation.
Many of our facility management contracts provide for fixed management fees or fees that increase
by only small amounts during their terms. If, due to inflation or other causes, our operating
expenses, such as wages and salaries of our employees, insurance, medical, and food costs, increase
at rates faster than increases, if any, in our management fees, then our profitability would be
adversely affected. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations Inflation.
We are subject to legal proceedings associated with owning and managing correctional and detention
facilities.
Our ownership and management of correctional and detention facilities, and the provision of inmate
transportation services by a subsidiary, expose us to potential third-party claims or litigation by
prisoners or other persons relating to personal injury or other damages resulting from contact with
a facility, its managers, personnel or other prisoners, including damages arising from a prisoners
escape from, or a disturbance or riot at, a facility we own or manage, or from the misconduct of
our employees. To the extent the events serving as a basis for any potential claims are alleged or
determined to constitute illegal or criminal activity, we could also be subject to criminal
liability. Such liability could result in significant monetary fines and could affect our ability
to bid on future contracts and retain our existing contracts. In addition, as an owner of real
property, we may be subject to a variety of proceedings relating to personal injuries of persons at
such facilities. The claims against our facilities may be significant and may not be covered by
insurance. Even in cases covered by insurance, our deductible (or self-insured retention) may be
significant.
We are subject to risks associated with ownership of real estate.
Our ownership of correctional and detention facilities subjects us to risks typically associated
with investments in real estate. Investments in real estate and, in particular, correctional and
detention facilities have limited or no alternative use and thus, are relatively illiquid, and
therefore, our ability to divest ourselves of one or more of our facilities promptly in response to
changed conditions is limited. Investments in correctional and detention facilities, in
particular, subject us to risks involving potential exposure to environmental liability and
uninsured loss. Our operating costs may be affected by the obligation to pay for the cost of
complying with existing environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, as well as the cost of
complying with future legislation. In addition, although we maintain insurance for many types of
losses, there are certain types of losses, such as losses from earthquakes and acts of terrorism,
which may be either uninsurable or for which it may not be economically feasible to obtain
insurance coverage, in light of the substantial costs associated with such insurance. As a result,
we could lose both our capital invested in, and anticipated profits from, one or more of the
facilities we own. Further, it is possible to experience losses that may exceed the limits of
insurance coverage.
In addition, our increased focus on facility development and expansions poses an increased risk,
including cost overruns caused by various factors, many of which are beyond our control, such as
weather, labor conditions, and material shortages, resulting in increased construction costs.
Further, if we are unable to utilize this new capacity, our financial results could deteriorate.
Certain of our facilities are subject to options to purchase and reversions.
Ten of our facilities
are or will be subject to an option to purchase by certain governmental agencies. Such options are
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exercisable by the corresponding contracting governmental entity generally at any time during the
term of the respective facility management contract. Certain of these purchase options are based
on the depreciated book value of the facility, which essentially results in the transfer of
ownership of the facility to the governmental agency at the end of the life used for accounting
purposes. See Business Facility Portfolio Facilities and Facility Management Contracts. If
any of these options are exercised, there exists the risk that we will be unable to invest the
proceeds from the sale of the facility in one or more properties that yield as much cash flow as
the property acquired by the government entity. In addition, in the event any of these options are
exercised, there exists the risk that the contracting governmental agency will terminate the
management contract associated with such facility. For the year ended December 31, 2006, the
facilities subject to these options generated $231.0 million in revenue (17.4% of total revenue)
and incurred $164.5 million in operating expenses. Certain of the options to purchase are
exercisable at prices below fair market value. See Business Facility Portfolio Facilities
and Facility Management Contracts.
In addition, ownership of three of our facilities (including two that are also subject to options
to purchase) will, upon the expiration of certain ground leases with remaining terms generally
ranging from 10 to 12 years, revert to the respective governmental agency contracting with us. See
Business Facility Portfolio Facilities and Facility Management Contracts. At the time of
such reversion, there exists the risk that the contracting governmental agency will terminate the
management contract associated with such facility. For the year ended December 31, 2006, the
facilities subject to reversion generated $81.2 million in revenue (6.1% of total revenue) and
incurred $56.3 million in operating expenses.
Risks related to facility construction and development activities may increase our costs related to such activities.
When we are engaged to perform construction and design services for a facility, we typically act as
the primary contractor and subcontract with other companies who act as the general contractors. As
primary contractor, we are subject to the various risks associated with construction (including,
without limitation, shortages of labor and materials, work stoppages, labor disputes, and weather
interference) which could cause construction delays. In addition, we are subject to the risk that
the general contractor will be unable to complete construction at the budgeted costs or be unable
to fund any excess construction costs, even though we require general contractors to post
construction bonds and insurance. Under such contracts, we are ultimately liable for all late
delivery penalties and cost overruns.
We may be adversely affected by the rising cost and increasing difficulty of obtaining adequate
levels of surety credit on favorable terms.
We are often required to post bid or performance bonds issued by a surety company as a condition to
bidding on or being awarded a contract. Availability and pricing of these surety commitments are
subject to general market and industry conditions, among other factors. Recent events in the
economy have caused the surety market to become unsettled, causing many reinsurers and sureties to
reevaluate their commitment levels and required returns. As a result, surety bond premiums
generally are increasing. If we are unable to effectively pass along the higher surety costs to
our customers, any increase in surety costs could adversely affect our operating results. We
cannot assure you that we will have continued access to surety credit or that we will be able to
secure bonds economically, without additional collateral, or at the levels required for any
potential facility development or contract bids. If we are unable to obtain adequate levels of
surety credit on favorable terms, we would have to rely upon letters of credit under our revolving
credit facility, which would entail higher costs even if such borrowing capacity was available when
desired at the time, and our ability to bid for or obtain new contracts could be impaired.
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Our issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect holders of our common stock and discourage a
takeover.
Our board of directors has the power to issue up to 50.0 million shares of preferred stock without
any action on the part of our stockholders. Our board of directors also has the power, without
stockholder approval, to set the terms of any new series of preferred stock that may be issued,
including voting rights, dividend rights, preferences over our common stock with respect to
dividends or in the event of a dissolution, liquidation or winding up, and other terms. In the
event that we issue additional shares of preferred stock in the future that has preference over our
common stock, with respect to payment of dividends or upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding
up, or if we issue preferred stock with voting rights that dilute the voting power of our common
stock, the rights of the holders of our common stock or the market price of our common stock could
be adversely affected. In addition, the ability of our board of directors to issue shares of
preferred stock without any action on the part of our stockholders may impede a takeover of us and
prevent a transaction favorable to our stockholders.
Our charter and bylaws and Maryland law could make it difficult for a third party to acquire our
company.
The Maryland General Corporation Law and our charter and bylaws contain provisions that could
delay, deter, or prevent a change in control of our company or our management. These provisions
could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for our stockholders to elect
directors and take other corporate actions. These provisions:
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authorize us to issue blank check preferred stock, which is preferred stock that
can be created and issued by our board of directors, without stockholder approval, with
rights senior to those of common stock;
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provide that directors may be removed with or without cause only by the affirmative
vote of at least a majority of the votes of shares entitled to vote thereon; and
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establish advance notice requirements for submitting nominations for election to the
board of directors and for proposing matters that can be acted upon by stockholders at
a meeting.
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We are also subject to anti-takeover provisions under Maryland law, which could also delay or
prevent a change of control. Together, these provisions of our charter and bylaws and Maryland law
may discourage transactions that otherwise could provide for the payment of a premium over
prevailing market prices for our common stock, and also could limit the price that investors are
willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock.
Risks Related to Our Leveraged Capital Structure
Our indebtedness could adversely affect our financial health and prevent us from fulfilling our
obligations under our debt securities.
We have a significant amount of indebtedness. As of December 31, 2006, we had total indebtedness
of $976.3 million. Our indebtedness could have important consequences. For example, it could:
|
|
|
|
make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to our indebtedness;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
|
29
|
|
|
|
require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to
payments on our indebtedness, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flow to
fund working capital, capital expenditures, and other general corporate purposes;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and
the industry in which we operate;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less
debt; and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
limit our ability to borrow additional funds or refinance existing indebtedness on
favorable terms.
|
Our revolving credit facility and other debt instruments have restrictive covenants that could
affect our financial condition.
The indenture related to our aggregate principal amount of $450.0 million 7.5% senior notes due
2011, the indenture related to our aggregate principal amount of $375.0 million 6.25% senior notes
due 2013, and the indenture related to our aggregate principal amount of $150.0 million 6.75%
senior notes due 2014, collectively referred to herein as our senior notes, and our revolving
credit facility contain financial and other restrictive covenants that limit our ability to engage
in activities that may be in our long-term best interests. Our ability to borrow under our
revolving credit facility is subject to compliance with certain financial covenants, including
leverage and interest coverage ratios. Our revolving credit facility includes other restrictions
that, among other things, limit our ability to incur indebtedness; grant liens; engage in mergers,
consolidations and liquidations; make asset dispositions, restricted payments and investments;
enter into transactions with affiliates; and amend, modify or
prepay certain indebtedness. The indentures related to our senior notes contain limitations on
our ability to effect mergers and change of control events, as well as other limitations,
including:
|
|
|
|
limitations on incurring additional indebtedness;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
limitations on the sale of assets;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
limitations on the declaration and payment of dividends or other restricted payments;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
limitations on transactions with affiliates; and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
limitations on liens.
|
Our failure to comply with these covenants could result in an event of default that, if not cured
or waived, could result in the acceleration of all of our debts. We do not have sufficient working
capital to satisfy our debt obligations in the event of an acceleration of all or a significant
portion of our outstanding indebtedness.
Servicing our indebtedness will require a significant amount of cash. Our ability to generate cash
depends on many factors beyond our control.
Our ability to make payments on and to refinance our indebtedness and to fund planned capital
expenditures will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. This, to a certain extent,
is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory, and other factors
that are beyond our control.
30
The risk exists that our business will be unable to generate sufficient cash flow from operations
or that future borrowings will not be available to us under our revolving credit facility in an
amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness, including our existing senior notes, or new
debt securities, or to fund our other liquidity needs. We may need to refinance all or a portion
of our indebtedness, including our senior notes, or new debt securities, on or before maturity. We
may not, however, be able to refinance any of our indebtedness, including our revolving credit
facility and including our senior notes, or new debt securities on commercially reasonable terms or
at all.
We are required to repurchase all or a portion of our senior notes upon a change of control.
Upon certain change of control events, as that term is defined in the indentures for our senior
notes, including a change of control caused by an unsolicited third party, we are required to make
an offer in cash to repurchase all or any part of each holders notes at a repurchase price equal
to 101% of the principal thereof, plus accrued interest. The source of funds for any such
repurchase would be our available cash or cash generated from operations or other sources,
including borrowings, sales of equity or funds provided by a new controlling person or entity.
Sufficient funds may not be available to us, however, at the time of any change of control event to
repurchase all or a portion of the tendered notes pursuant to this requirement. Our failure to
offer to repurchase notes, or to repurchase notes tendered, following a change of control will
result in a default under the respective indentures, which could lead to a cross-default under our
revolving credit facility and under the terms of our other indebtedness. In addition, our
revolving credit facility prohibits us from making any such required repurchases. Prior to
repurchasing the notes upon a change of control event, we must either repay outstanding
indebtedness under our revolving credit facility or obtain the consent of the lenders under our
revolving credit facility. If we do not obtain the required consents or repay our outstanding
indebtedness under our revolving credit facility, we would remain effectively prohibited from
offering to purchase the notes.
Despite current indebtedness levels, we may still incur more debt.
The terms of the indentures for our senior notes and our revolving credit facility restrict our
ability to incur significant additional indebtedness in the future. However, in the future we may
refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness, including our revolving credit facility, and may
incur additional indebtedness as a result. As of December 31, 2006, we had $112.1 million of
additional borrowing capacity available under our $150.0 million revolving credit facility. The
revolving credit facility also contains an accordion feature that allows for up to $100.0 million
in additional availability, at our option, if certain conditions are met. In addition, we have an
effective shelf registration statement under which we may issue an indeterminate amount of
securities from time to time when we determine that market conditions and the opportunity to
utilize the proceeds from the issuance of such securities are favorable. If new debt is added to
our and our subsidiaries current debt levels, the related risks that we and they now face could
intensify.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.
None.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.
The properties we owned at December 31, 2006 are described under Item 1 and in Note 4 of the Notes
to the Financial Statements contained in this annual report.
31
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
General.
The nature of our business results in claims and litigation alleging that we are liable
for damages arising from the conduct of our employees, inmates or others. The nature of such
claims include, but is not limited to claims arising from employee or inmate misconduct, medical
malpractice, employment matters, property loss, contractual claims, and personal injury or other
damages resulting from contact with our facilities, personnel, or prisoners, including damages
arising from a prisoners escape or from a disturbance or riot at a facility. We maintain insurance
to cover many of these claims which may mitigate the risk that any single claim would have a
material effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows,
provided the claim is one for which coverage is available. The combination of self-insured
retentions and deductible amounts means that, in the aggregate, we are subject to substantial
self-insurance risk.
We record litigation reserves related to certain matters for which it is probable that a loss has
been incurred and the range of such loss can be estimated. Based upon managements review of the
potential claims and outstanding litigation and based upon managements experience and history of
estimating losses, management believes a loss in excess of amounts already recognized would not be
material to our financial statements. In the opinion of management, there are no pending legal
proceedings that would have a material effect on our consolidated financial position, results of
operations, or cash flows. Any receivable for insurance recoveries is recorded separately from the
corresponding litigation reserve, and only if recovery is determined to be probable. Adversarial
proceedings and litigation are, however, subject to inherent uncertainties, and unfavorable
decisions and rulings could occur which could have a material adverse impact on our consolidated
financial position, results of operations, or cash flows for the period in which such decisions or
rulings occur, or future periods. Expenses associated with legal proceedings may also fluctuate
from quarter to quarter
based on changes in our assumptions, new developments, or the effectiveness of our litigation
and settlement strategies.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
None.
PART II.
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANTS COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF
EQUITY SECURITIES.
Market Price of and Distributions on Capital Stock
Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, under the symbol CXW. On
February 23, 2007 the last reported sale price of our common
stock was $53.53 per share and there
were approximately 5,000 registered holders and
approximately 31,000 beneficial holders, respectively,
of our common stock.
The following table sets forth, for the fiscal quarters indicated, the range of high and low sales
prices of the common stock as adjusted for the Companys 3-for-2 stock split in September 2006.
32
Common Stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SALES PRICE
|
|
|
|
HIGH
|
|
LOW
|
|
FISCAL YEAR 2006
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First Quarter
|
|
$
|
30.86
|
|
|
$
|
26.74
|
|
|
Second Quarter
|
|
$
|
36.45
|
|
|
$
|
28.60
|
|
|
Third Quarter
|
|
$
|
45.26
|
|
|
$
|
34.37
|
|
|
Fourth Quarter
|
|
$
|
49.71
|
|
|
$
|
42.65
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FISCAL YEAR 2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First Quarter
|
|
$
|
28.71
|
|
|
$
|
24.45
|
|
|
Second Quarter
|
|
$
|
26.51
|
|
|
$
|
23.50
|
|
|
Third Quarter
|
|
$
|
26.76
|
|
|
$
|
24.47
|
|
|
Fourth Quarter
|
|
$
|
30.27
|
|
|
$
|
24.34
|
|
Dividend Policy
During the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, we did not pay any dividends on our common
stock. Pursuant to the terms of the indentures governing our senior notes, we are limited in the
amount of dividends we can declare or pay on our outstanding shares of common stock. Taking into
consideration these limitations, management and our board of directors regularly evaluate the
merits of declaring and paying a dividend. Future dividends, if any, will depend on our future
earnings, our capital requirements, our financial condition, alternative uses of capital, and on
such other factors as our board of directors may consider relevant.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.
The following selected financial data for the five years ended December 31, 2006, was derived from
our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto. This data should be read in
conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements, including the related notes, and
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. Our
audited consolidated financial statements, including the related notes, as of December 31, 2006 and
2005, and for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 are included in this annual report.
33
CORRECTIONS CORPORATION OF AMERICA AND SUBSIDIARIES
SELECTED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2003
|
|
|
2002
|
|
|
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management and other
|
|
$
|
1,326,881
|
|
|
$
|
1,188,649
|
|
|
$
|
1,122,542
|
|
|
$
|
1,003,865
|
|
|
$
|
906,556
|
|
|
Rental
|
|
|
4
,207
|
|
|
|
3,991
|
|
|
|
3,845
|
|
|
|
3,742
|
|
|
|
3,701
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue
|
|
|
1,331,088
|
|
|
|
1,192,640
|
|
|
|
1,126,387
|
|
|
|
1,007,607
|
|
|
|
910,257
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
|
|
|
973,893
|
|
|
|
898,793
|
|
|
|
850,366
|
|
|
|
747,800
|
|
|
|
694,372
|
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
63,593
|
|
|
|
57,053
|
|
|
|
48,186
|
|
|
|
40,467
|
|
|
|
36,907
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
67,673
|
|
|
|
59,882
|
|
|
|
54,445
|
|
|
|
52,884
|
|
|
|
53,417
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total expenses
|
|
|
1,105,159
|
|
|
|
1,015,728
|
|
|
|
952,997
|
|
|
|
841,151
|
|
|
|
784,696
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income
|
|
|
225,929
|
|
|
|
176,912
|
|
|
|
173,390
|
|
|
|
166,456
|
|
|
|
125,561
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other (income) expense:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense, net
|
|
|
58,783
|
|
|
|
63,928
|
|
|
|
69,177
|
|
|
|
74,446
|
|
|
|
87,393
|
|
|
Expenses associated with debt refinancing and
recapitalization transactions
|
|
|
982
|
|
|
|
35,269
|
|
|
|
101
|
|
|
|
6,687
|
|
|
|
36,670
|
|
|
Change in fair value of derivative instruments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,900
|
)
|
|
|
(2,206
|
)
|
|
Other (income) expense
|
|
|
(224
|
)
|
|
|
263
|
|
|
|
943
|
|
|
|
(414
|
)
|
|
|
(359
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from continuing operations before
income taxes and cumulative effect of
accounting change
|
|
|
166,388
|
|
|
|
77,452
|
|
|
|
103,169
|
|
|
|
88,637
|
|
|
|
4,063
|
|
|
Income tax (expense) benefit
|
|
|
(61,149
|
)
|
|
|
(26,888
|
)
|
|
|
(41,514
|
)
|
|
|
52,352
|
|
|
|
63,284
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from continuing operations before
cumulative effect of accounting change
|
|
|
105,239
|
|
|
|
50,564
|
|
|
|
61,655
|
|
|
|
140,989
|
|
|
|
67,347
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of
taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(442
|
)
|
|
|
888
|
|
|
|
794
|
|
|
|
5,013
|
|
|
Cumulative effect of accounting change
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(80,276
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
|
105,239
|
|
|
|
50,122
|
|
|
|
62,543
|
|
|
|
141,783
|
|
|
|
(7,916
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distributions to preferred stockholders
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,462
|
)
|
|
|
(15,262
|
)
|
|
|
(20,959
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
|
|
$
|
105,239
|
|
|
$
|
50,122
|
|
|
$
|
61,081
|
|
|
$
|
126,521
|
|
|
$
|
(28,875
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(continued)
34
CORRECTIONS CORPORATION OF AMERICA AND SUBSIDIARIES
SELECTED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
(in thousands, except per share data)
(continued)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Years Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2003
|
|
|
2002
|
|
|
Basic earnings (loss) per share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from continuing operations before cumulative effect of accounting change
|
|
$
|
1.76
|
|
|
$
|
0.88
|
|
|
$
|
1.14
|
|
|
$
|
2.60
|
|
|
$
|
1.11
|
|
|
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net
of taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01
|
)
|
|
|
0.02
|
|
|
|
0.02
|
|
|
|
0.12
|
|
|
Cumulative effect of accounting change
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1.93
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
|
|
$
|
1.76
|
|
|
$
|
0.87
|
|
|
$
|
1.16
|
|
|
$
|
2.62
|
|
|
$
|
(0.70
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from continuing operations before cumulative effect of accounting change
|
|
$
|
1.71
|
|
|
$
|
0.84
|
|
|
$
|
1.02
|
|
|
$
|
2.28
|
|
|
$
|
1.01
|
|
|
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01
|
)
|
|
|
0.02
|
|
|
|
0.02
|
|
|
|
0.10
|
|
|
Cumulative effect of accounting change
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1.66
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
|
|
$
|
1.71
|
|
|
$
|
0.83
|
|
|
$
|
1.04
|
|
|
$
|
2.30
|
|
|
$
|
(0.55
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
59,857
|
|
|
|
57,713
|
|
|
|
52,589
|
|
|
|
48,368
|
|
|
|
41,504
|
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
61,529
|
|
|
|
60,423
|
|
|
|
59,671
|
|
|
|
57,074
|
|
|
|
48,312
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2003
|
|
|
2002
|
|
|
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
2,250,860
|
|
|
$
|
2,086,313
|
|
|
$
|
2,023,078
|
|
|
$
|
1,959,028
|
|
|
$
|
1,874,071
|
|
|
Total debt
|
|
$
|
976,258
|
|
|
$
|
975,636
|
|
|
$
|
1,002,295
|
|
|
$
|
1,003,428
|
|
|
$
|
955,959
|
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
$
|
1,201,179
|
|
|
$
|
1,169,682
|
|
|
$
|
1,207,084
|
|
|
$
|
1,183,563
|
|
|
$
|
1,140,073
|
|
|
Stockholders equity
|
|
$
|
1,049,681
|
|
|
$
|
916,631
|
|
|
$
|
815,994
|
|
|
$
|
775,465
|
|
|
$
|
733,998
|
|
35
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes
thereto appearing elsewhere in this report. This discussion contains forward-looking statements
that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those
anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including, but not
limited to, those described under Risk Factors and included in other portions of this report.
OVERVIEW
As of December 31, 2006, we owned 43 correctional, detention and juvenile facilities, three of
which we lease to other operators. We currently operate 64 facilities, with a total design
capacity of approximately 72,000 beds in 19 states and the District of Columbia. We are the
nations largest owner and operator of privatized correctional and detention facilities and one of
the largest prison operators in the United States behind only the federal government and three
states. Our size and experience provide us with significant credibility with our current and
prospective customers, and enables us to generate economies of scale in purchasing power for food
services, health care and other supplies and services we offer to our customers.
We are compensated for operating and managing prisons and correctional facilities at an inmate per
diem rate based upon actual or minimum guaranteed occupancy levels. The significant expansion of
the prison population in the United States has led to overcrowding in the federal and state prison
systems, providing us with opportunities for growth. Federal, state, and local governments are
constantly under budgetary constraints putting pressure on governments to control correctional
budgets, including per diem rates our customers pay to us. Although budgetary constraints have
been somewhat alleviated recently, governments continue to experience many significant spending
demands which have constrained correctional budgets limiting their ability to expand existing
facilities or construct new facilities. We believe the outsourcing of prison management services to
private operators allows governments to manage increasing inmate populations while simultaneously
controlling correctional costs and improving correctional services. We believe our customers
discover that partnering with private operators to provide residential services to their inmates
introduces competition to their prison system, resulting in improvements to the quality and cost of
corrections services throughout their correctional system. Further, the use of facilities owned
and managed by private operators allows governments to expand prison capacity without incurring
large capital commitments required to increase correctional capacity.
We also believe that having beds immediately available to our customers provides us with a distinct
competitive advantage when bidding on new contracts. While we have been successful in winning
contract awards to provide management services for facilities we do not own, and will continue to
pursue such management contracts, we believe the most significant opportunities for growth are in
providing our government partners with available beds within facilities we currently own or
that we develop. We also believe that owning the facilities in which we provide
management services enables us to more rapidly replace business lost compared with managed-only
facilities, since we can offer the same beds to new and existing customers and, with customer
consent, may have more flexibility in moving our existing inmate populations to facilities with
available capacity. Our management contracts generally provide our customers with the right to
terminate our management contracts at any time without cause.
As of December 31, 2006, we had four owned correctional facilities, our Stewart County Correctional
Facility, our North Fork Correctional Facility, our Florence Correctional Center, and our newly
constructed Red Rock Correctional Center that provided us with approximately 1,900 available beds.
We have recently entered into several management contracts that are expected to result in the
36
utilization of a substantial portion of these beds. As a result of persistent demand from both our
federal and state customers, the utilization of a significant portion of our available beds, and
the expectation of an environment that continues to be constrained with a limited supply of
available prison beds, we have intensified our efforts to deliver new bed capacity through the
development of new prison facilities and the expansion of certain of our existing facilities.
During 2006, we completed construction of our new 1,596-bed Red Rock Correctional Center in Eloy,
Arizona. During 2005 we commenced construction of the new 1,896-bed Saguaro Correctional Facility
adjacent to the Red Rock facility. This new facility is expected to be complete mid-2007. During
2006 and early 2007, we also announced our intention to expand six of the facilities we own by an
aggregate of 2,985 beds as a result of increasing demand from our existing customers. We expect
these expansions to be complete at various times over the next 18 months. We are also actively
pursuing a number of additional sites for new prison development. We believe it is feasible to
begin development of an additional 4,000 to 6,000 new prison beds during the course of the next
year.
Certain of our customers have also engaged us to expand certain facilities they own that we manage
for them. We are funding a 360-bed expansion of one such facility, which was substantially
completed during the first quarter of 2007, while another customer is funding the expansion of two
of their facilities aggregating 619 beds.
Although we have identified potential customers for a substantial portion of these new beds, we can
provide no assurance that these beds will be utilized. Further, none of the customers that we
expect to fill the expansion beds has provided a guarantee of occupancy.
As a result of the completion of numerous recapitalization and refinancing transactions over the
past several years, we have significantly reduced our exposure to variable rate debt, eliminated
all of our subordinated indebtedness, lowered our after tax interest obligations associated with
our outstanding debt, further increasing our cash flow, and extended our total weighted average
debt maturities. Also as a result of the completion of these capital transactions, covenants under
our senior bank credit facility were amended to provide greater flexibility for, among other
matters, incurring unsecured indebtedness, capital expenditures, and permitted acquisitions. With
the most recent pay-off of our senior bank credit facility in January 2006 and the completion of
our revolving credit facility in February 2006, we removed the requirement to secure the senior
bank credit facility with liens on our real estate assets and, instead, collateralized the facility
primarily with security interests in our accounts receivable and deposit accounts. We also expanded
our borrowing capacity with the revolving credit facility. Standard and Poors currently rates our
senior unsecured debt as BB-. Moodys Investors Service currently rates our senior unsecured
debt as Ba2. We believe these recapitalization and refinancing transactions were important in
providing us with the financial flexibility and liquidity to increase our bed capacity for
sustained growth.
We are also focusing our efforts on containing our costs. We believe the largest opportunity for
reducing our facility operating expenses is through the implementation of a standard approach to
staffing and business practices and through investments in technology. Approximately 63% of our
operating expenses consists of salaries and benefits. Containing these expenses will continue to
be challenging. Further, the turnover rate for correctional officers for our company, and for the
corrections industry in general, remains high. Although we believe we have been successful in
reducing workers compensation costs and containing medical benefits for our employees, such costs
continue to increase primarily as a result of continued rising healthcare costs throughout the
country. Reducing these staffing costs requires a long-term strategy to control such costs.
Through the combination of our initiatives to increase our revenues by taking advantage of our
available beds while maintaining an adequate supply of new beds, and our strategies to generate
savings and to contain our operating expenses, we believe we will be able to maintain our
competitive
37
advantage and continue to improve the quality services we provide to our customers at
an economical price, thereby producing value to our stockholders.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States. As such, we are required to make certain estimates,
judgments and assumptions that we believe are reasonable based upon the information available.
These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date
of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting
period. A summary of our significant accounting policies is described in Note 2 to our audited
financial statements. The significant accounting policies and estimates which we believe are the
most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results include
the following:
Asset impairments.
As of December 31, 2006, we had $1.8 billion in long-lived assets. We evaluate
the recoverability of the carrying values of our long-lived assets, other than goodwill, when
events suggest that an impairment may have occurred. In these circumstances, we utilize estimates
of undiscounted cash flows to determine if an impairment exists. If an impairment exists, it is
measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the estimated fair value
of the asset.
Goodwill impairments
. Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, Goodwill and Other
Intangible Assets, or SFAS 142, establishes accounting and reporting requirements for goodwill and
other intangible assets. Under SFAS 142, goodwill attributable to each of our reporting units is
tested for impairment by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying value.
Fair value is determined using a collaboration of various common valuation techniques, including
market multiples, discounted cash flows, and replacement cost methods. These impairment tests are
required to be performed at least annually. We perform our impairment tests during the fourth
quarter, in connection with our annual budgeting process, and whenever circumstances indicate the
carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable.
Income taxes.
Income taxes are accounted for under the provisions of Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes (SFAS 109). SFAS 109 generally
requires us to record deferred income taxes for the tax effect of differences between book and tax
bases of our assets and liabilities.
Deferred income taxes reflect the available net operating losses and the net tax effect of
temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial
reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Realization of the future tax
benefits related to deferred tax assets is dependent on many factors, including our past earnings
history, expected future earnings, the character and jurisdiction of such earnings, unsettled
circumstances that, if unfavorably resolved, would adversely affect utilization of our deferred tax
assets, carryback and carryforward periods, and tax strategies that could potentially enhance the
likelihood of realization of a deferred tax asset.
Although we utilized our remaining federal net operating losses in 2006, we have approximately $9.5
million in net operating losses applicable to various states that we expect to carry forward in
future years to offset taxable income in such states. These net operating losses have begun to
expire. Accordingly, we have a valuation allowance of $2.7 million for the estimated amount of the
net operating losses that will expire unused, in addition to a $5.6 million valuation allowance
related to state tax credits that are also expected to expire unused. Although our estimate of
future taxable
income is based on current assumptions we believe to be reasonable, our assumptions may prove
inaccurate and could change in the future, which could result in the expiration of additional net
operating losses or credits. We would be required to establish a valuation allowance at such time
that
38
we no longer expected to utilize these net operating losses or credits, which could result in
a material impact on our results of operations in the future.
Self-funded insurance reserves
. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, we had $33.2 million and $33.6
million, respectively, in accrued liabilities for employee health, workers compensation, and
automobile insurance claims. We are significantly self-insured for employee health, workers
compensation, and automobile liability insurance claims. As such, our insurance expense is largely
dependent on claims experience and our ability to control our claims. We have consistently accrued
the estimated liability for employee health insurance claims based on our history of claims
experience and the time lag between the incident date and the date the cost is paid by us. We have
accrued the estimated liability for workers compensation and automobile insurance claims based on
a third-party actuarial valuation of the outstanding liabilities,
discounted to the net present
value of the outstanding liabilities. These estimates could change in the future. It is possible
that future cash flows and results of operations could be materially affected by changes in our
assumptions, new developments, or by the effectiveness of our strategies.
Legal reserves.
As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, we had $13.3 million and $13.2 million,
respectively, in accrued liabilities related to certain legal proceedings in which we are involved.
We have accrued our estimate of the probable costs for the resolution of these claims based on a
range of potential outcomes. In addition, we are subject to current and potential future legal
proceedings for which little or no accrual has been reflected because our current assessment of the
potential exposure is nominal. These estimates have been developed in consultation with our
General Counsels office and, as appropriate, outside counsel handling these matters, and are based
upon an analysis of potential results, assuming a combination of litigation and settlement
strategies. It is possible that future cash flows and results of operations could be materially
affected by changes in our assumptions, new developments, or by the effectiveness of our
strategies.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table sets forth for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, the number of
facilities we owned and managed, the number of facilities we managed but did not own, the number of
facilities we leased to other operators, and the facilities we owned that were not yet in
operation.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Owned
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
Managed
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effective Date
|
|
|
Managed
|
|
|
Only
|
|
|
Leased
|
|
|
Incomplete
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
Facilities as of December 31, 2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
67
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expiration of the management contract
for the David L. Moss Criminal Justice
Center
|
|
July 1, 2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
Completion of construction at the Stewart
Detention Center
|
|
October 10, 2005
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Facilities as of December 31, 2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
66
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Completion of construction at the Red Rock
Correctional Center
|
|
July 1, 2006
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
Management contract awarded for Camino
Nuevo Female Correctional Facility
|
|
July 1, 2006
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Facilities as of December 31, 2006
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
68
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We also have an additional facility located in Eloy, Arizona that is under construction.
This facility is not counted in the foregoing table because it currently has no impact on our
results of operations.
39
Year Ended December 31, 2006 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2005
During the year ended December 31, 2006, we generated net income available to common stockholders
of $105.2 million, or $1.71 per diluted share, compared with net income available to common
stockholders of $50.1 million, or $0.83 per diluted share, for the previous year. Contributing to
the net income for 2006 compared to the previous year was an increase in operating income of $49.0
million, from $176.9 million during 2005 to $225.9 million during 2006 as a result of an increase
in occupancy
levels and new management contracts, partially offset by an increase in general and administrative
expenses and depreciation and amortization.
Net income available to common stockholders during 2005 was negatively impacted by a $35.3 million
pre-tax charge, or $0.38 per diluted share net of taxes, associated with debt refinancing
transactions completed during the first and second quarters, as further described hereafter. The
charge consisted of a tender premium paid to the holders of the 9.875% senior notes (who tendered
their notes to us at a price of 111% of par pursuant to a tender offer we made for the 9.875%
senior notes in March 2005), estimated fees and expenses associated with the tender offer, and the
write-off of (i) existing deferred loan costs associated with the purchase of the 9.875% senior
notes, (ii) existing deferred loan costs associated with a lump sum pay-down of our senior bank
credit facility, and (iii) existing deferred loan costs and third-party fees incurred in connection
with obtaining an amendment to our old senior bank credit facility.
Facility Operations
A key performance indicator we use to measure the revenue and expenses associated with the
operation of the facilities we own or manage is expressed in terms of a compensated man-day, and
represents the revenue we generate and expenses we incur for one inmate for one calendar day.
Revenue and expenses per compensated man-day are computed by dividing facility revenue and expenses
by the total number of compensated man-days during the period. A compensated man-day represents a
calendar day for which we are paid for the occupancy of an inmate. We believe the measurement is
useful because we are compensated for operating and managing facilities at an inmate per-diem rate
based upon actual or minimum guaranteed occupancy levels. We also measure our ability to contain
costs on a per-compensated man-day basis, which is largely dependent upon the number of inmates we
accommodate. Further, per man-day measurements are also used to estimate our potential
profitability based on certain occupancy levels relative to design capacity. Revenue and expenses
per compensated man-day for all of the facilities we owned or managed, exclusive of those
discontinued (see further discussion below regarding discontinued operations), were as follows for
the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Years Ended
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Revenue per compensated man-day
|
|
$
|
52.71
|
|
|
$
|
50.69
|
|
|
Operating expenses per compensated man-day:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed expense
|
|
|
28.41
|
|
|
|
28.50
|
|
|
Variable expense
|
|
|
9.90
|
|
|
|
9.39
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
38.31
|
|
|
|
37.89
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating margin per compensated man-day
|
|
$
|
14.40
|
|
|
$
|
12.80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating margin
|
|
|
27.3
|
%
|
|
|
25.3
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average compensated occupancy
|
|
|
94.9
|
%
|
|
|
91.4
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
40
Average compensated occupancy for the year ended December 31, 2006 increased from the prior
year primarily as a result of increases in inmate populations across our portfolio, and also as a
result of a full years impact from a contract with the Federal Bureau of Prisons, or the BOP, that
commenced in June 2005 at our Northeast Ohio Correctional Center. Compensated occupancy also
increased as a result of an increase in the population at our Prairie Correctional Facility largely
as a result of additional inmates from the states of Minnesota, Washington and Idaho, an increase
in the population at our Crowley County Correctional Facility, as well as an increase in population
at our North Fork Correctional Facility as a result of a new management contract with the state of
Wyoming, which commenced in June 2006. Further, inmate
populations increased notably at our Otter
Creek Correctional Facility as a result of contracts with the states of Kentucky and Hawaii to
house female inmates to replace the inmates from the state of Indiana that were removed during the
second quarter of 2005.
Business from our federal customers, including the BOP, the United States Marshals Service, or the
USMS, and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or ICE, continues to be a significant component
of our business. Our federal customers generated 40% and 39% of our total revenue for the years
ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. In addition to the aforementioned contract with
the BOP at our Northeast Ohio facility, a modified contract with ICE at our T. Don Hutto
Residential Center in Taylor, Texas that commenced in May 2006 also contributed to an increase in
federal revenue during 2006.
Operating expenses totaled $973.9 million and $898.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2006
and 2005, respectively. Operating expenses consist of those expenses incurred in the operation and
management of adult and juvenile correctional and detention facilities, and for our inmate
transportation subsidiary.
Salaries and benefits represent the most significant component of fixed operating expenses with
approximately 63% of our operating expenses consisting of salaries and benefits. During 2006,
salaries and benefits expense at our correctional and detention facilities increased $37.1 million
from 2005. However, salaries and benefits expense for the year ended December 31, 2006 decreased
by $0.20 per compensated man-day compared with the same period in the prior year, as we were able
to leverage our salaries and benefits over a larger inmate population and achieve savings in
workers compensation. Additionally, the decrease in salaries and benefits per compensated man-day
was caused by increased staffing levels in the prior year in anticipation of increased inmate
populations at our Northeast Ohio Correctional Center due to the commencement of the new BOP
contract on June 1, 2005, and at our Otter Creek Correctional Center as a result of the
aforementioned transition of state inmate populations, partially offset by increased staffing
levels at our Stewart Detention Center, North Fork Correctional Facility, and the Red Rock
Correctional Center as a result of the opening of each of these facilities during 2006.
Facility variable expenses increased 5.4% from $9.39 per compensated man-day during 2005 to $9.90
per compensated man-day during 2006. The increase in facility variable expenses was primarily the
result of an increase in legal expenses resulting from the successful negotiation of a number of
outstanding legal matters in the prior year and general inflationary increases in the costs of
services such as our utilities, inmate medical, and food service expenses.
With regard to legal expenses during 2005, we settled a number of outstanding legal matters for
amounts less than reserves previously established for such matters which, on a net basis, reduced
our expenses during 2005. As a result, operating expenses associated with legal settlements
increased by $5.8 million during 2006 compared with the prior year. Expenses associated with legal
proceedings may fluctuate from quarter to quarter based on new lawsuits, changes in our
assumptions, new developments, or the effectiveness of our litigation and settlement strategies.
41
The operation of the facilities we own carries a higher degree of risk associated with a management
contract than the operation of the facilities we manage but do not own because we incur significant
capital expenditures to construct or acquire facilities we own. Additionally, correctional and
detention facilities have a limited or no alternative use. Therefore, if a management contract is
terminated at a facility we own, we continue to incur certain operating expenses, such as real
estate taxes, utilities, and insurance, that we would not incur if a management contract was
terminated for a managed-only facility. As a result, revenue per compensated man-day is typically
higher for facilities we own and manage than for managed-only facilities. Because we incur higher
expenses, such as repairs and maintenance, real estate taxes, and insurance, on the facilities we
own and manage, our cost structure for facilities we own and manage is also higher than the cost
structure for the managed-only facilities. The following tables display the revenue and expenses
per compensated man-day for the facilities we own and manage and for the facilities we manage but
do not own:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Years Ended
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
Owned and Managed Facilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue per compensated man-day
|
|
$
|
61.03
|
|
|
$
|
58.95
|
|
|
Operating expenses per compensated man-day:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed expense
|
|
|
30.72
|
|
|
|
31.79
|
|
|
Variable expense
|
|
|
10.75
|
|
|
|
10.19
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
41.47
|
|
|
|
41.98
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating margin per compensated man-day
|
|
$
|
19.56
|
|
|
$
|
16.97
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating margin
|
|
|
32.1
|
%
|
|
|
28.8
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average compensated occupancy
|
|
|
93.9
|
%
|
|
|
88.3
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Managed Only Facilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue per compensated man-day
|
|
$
|
38.39
|
|
|
$
|
37.46
|
|
|
Operating expenses per compensated man-day:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed expense
|
|
|
24.43
|
|
|
|
23.22
|
|
|
Variable expense
|
|
|
8.43
|
|
|
|
8.12
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
32.86
|
|
|
|
31.34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating margin per compensated man-day
|
|
$
|
5.53
|
|
|
$
|
6.12
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating margin
|
|
|
14.4
|
%
|
|
|
16.3
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average compensated occupancy
|
|
|
96.8
|
%
|
|
|
96.7
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following discussions under Owned and Managed Facilities and Managed-Only Facilities
address significant events that impacted our results of operations for the respective periods, and
events that are expected to affect our results of operations in the future.
Owned and Managed Facilities
During April 2006, we modified an agreement with Williamson County, Texas to house non-criminal
detainees from ICE under an inter-governmental service agreement between Williamson County and ICE.
The agreement enables ICE to accommodate non-criminal aliens being detained for deportation at our
T. Don Hutto Residential Center. We originally announced an agreement in December 2005 to house up
to 600 male detainees for ICE. However, for various reasons, the initial intake of detainees
originally scheduled to occur in February 2006 was delayed. The modified agreement, which was
effective beginning May 8, 2006, provides for an indefinite term. This new agreement contributed
to increased revenue and operating margins in 2006 compared with 2005. Further, the increase in the
42
operating margin was positively affected during 2006 because the agreement provides for a fixed
monthly payment based on the 512-bed capacity of the facility, even though detainee populations
were continuing to increase during the second half of 2006. We expect operating expenses at this
facility to increase as utilization continues to increase.
On December 23, 2004, we received a contract award from the BOP to house approximately 1,195
federal inmates at our 2,016-bed Northeast Ohio Correctional Center. The contract, awarded as part
of the Criminal Alien Requirement Phase 4 Solicitation (CAR 4), provides for an initial four-year
term with three two-year renewal options. The terms of the contract provide for a 50% guaranteed
rate of occupancy for 90 days following a Notice to Proceed, and a 90% guaranteed rate of occupancy
thereafter. The contract commenced June 1, 2005. As of December 31, 2006, we housed 1,334 BOP
inmates at this facility. Total revenue at this facility increased by $22.9 million during 2006
compared with the prior year. This increase in revenue was also attributable to an increase in
USMS inmates held at this facility during 2006 compared with 2005.
During 2006, our 1,600-bed Prairie Correctional Facility in Appleton, Minnesota housed a daily
average of approximately 1,500 inmates as a result of new contract awards in mid-2004 and
subsequent increasing demand for beds from the states of Minnesota and Washington, and under a new
contract with the state of Idaho, compared with a daily average of approximately 867 inmates during
2005. As a result, total revenue increased by $13.9 million at this facility during 2006 compared
with the prior year. In early 2006, we were notified by the state of Idaho of their intention to
withdraw their inmates from the Prairie facility. The state of Idaho completed this withdrawal
during the fourth quarter of 2006. As of December 31, 2006, we housed 1,417 inmates from the
states of Washington and Minnesota.
Due to a combination of rate increases and/or an increase in population at our 1,794-bed Crowley
County Correctional Facility, 2,304-bed Central Arizona Detention Center, 905-bed Houston
Processing Center, and 656-bed Otter Creek Correctional Center, primarily from the state of
Colorado, the USMS and ICE, the state of Hawaii, and the state of Kentucky, respectively, total
management and other revenue at these facilities increased during 2006 from 2005 by $18.8 million.
Effective July 1, 2005, ICE awarded us a three-year contract for the continued management of ICE
detainees and USMS inmates at the 1,016-bed San Diego Correctional Facility located in San Diego,
California. The contract, which contains five three-year renewal options, provided for an increase
in the fixed monthly payment. Total revenue increased by $3.5 million during 2006 from 2005 as a
result of the increased rate and an increase in populations from ICE and USMS at this facility. In
January 2007, an organization advocating rights for immigration detainees joined a lawsuit against
ICE on behalf of detainees at the San Diego facility charging that detainees are being held in
overcrowded and inhumane conditions at the facility. The Company was also named in the complaint.
We cannot predict the ultimate outcome of this lawsuit, or the potential impact the lawsuit could
have on the number of detainees we house or the revenue we generate at this facility.
During January 2006, we received notification from the BOP of its intent not to exercise its
renewal option at our 1,500-bed Eloy Detention Center in Eloy, Arizona. At December 31, 2005, the
Eloy facility housed approximately 500 inmates from the BOP and approximately 800 detainees from
ICE, pursuant to a subcontract between the BOP and ICE. The BOP completed the transfer of its
inmates from the Eloy facility to other BOP facilities by February 28, 2006. During February 2006,
we reached an agreement with the City of Eloy to manage detainees from ICE at this facility under
an inter-governmental service agreement between the City of Eloy and ICE, effectively providing ICE
the ability to fully utilize the Eloy Detention Center for existing and potential future
requirements. Under our agreement with the City of Eloy, we are eligible for periodic rate
increases that were not provided in the previous contract with the BOP. As of December 31, 2006,
this facility housed 1,495 ICE detainees.
43
During the first quarter of 2006, we re-opened our 1,440-bed North Fork Correctional Facility
located in Sayre, Oklahoma, with a small population of inmates from the state of Vermont. The
facility was also re-opened in anticipation of additional inmate population needs from various
existing state and federal customers. Prior to its re-opening, this facility had been vacant since
the third quarter of 2003, when all of the Wisconsin inmates housed at the facility were
transferred out of the facility in order to satisfy a contractual provision mandated by the state
of Wisconsin.
In June 2006, we entered into a new agreement with the state of Wyoming to house up to 600 of the
states male medium-security inmates at our North Fork Correctional Facility. The terms of the
contract include an initial two-year period and may be renewed upon mutual agreement.
In October 2006, we announced that as a result of an emergency proclamation declared by the
Governor of California, we entered into a new agreement with the State of California Department of
Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) to house up to approximately 1,000 California male inmates
at several of our facilities. The terms of the agreement include an initial three-year term and
may be extended for successive two-year terms by mutual agreement. We began receiving inmates on
November 3, 2006 at our West Tennessee facility, and as of December 31, 2006 we housed 230 CDCR
inmates who volunteered to be transferred to our West Tennessee and Florence facilities.
On February 2, 2007, the Governor of California ordered the CDCR to begin the involuntary transfer
of prisoners to correctional facilities outside of California in a further effort to relieve prison
overcrowding. As a result of the Governors request, we agreed to amend the contract with the CDCR
to potentially provide up to 4,670 additional beds for a total of approximately 5,670 beds. The
amendment includes the potential utilization of additional beds at our Florence facility, the
potential utilization of beds in our Tallahatchie and Diamondback facilities that will be vacated
when the state of Hawaii transfers inmates to our new Saguaro Correctional Facility (which is
expected to be completed mid-2007), as well as the expansion beds at the North Fork and
Tallahatchie facilities that we expect to complete during the fourth quarter of 2007, as further
described hereafter.
The amended contract, which continues to be subject to appropriations, provides for a 90% guarantee
of the mutually agreed upon capacity allocated to CDCR offenders. Now that the involuntary transfer
program has been ordered the 90% guarantee applies to housing units allocated to the CDCR at each
facility on the earlier of achieving 90% of the capacity designated for CDCR offenders at each
housing unit or 120 days after the first inmate arrives at the housing unit. Capacity allocated to
the CDCR is subject to availability. Further, we can provide no assurance that the CDCR will
utilize any additional capacity.
Lawsuits have been filed against California officials by employee unions, advocacy groups and
others seeking to halt the out-of-state inmate transfers. On February 20, 2007, a California trial
court, the Superior Court of California, County of Sacramento, ruled that the Governor of
California acted in excess of his authority in issuing the emergency proclamation and that the
contracts entered into by the CDCR to implement out of state transfers violated civil service
principles contained in the States constitution. The enforcement of this ruling is stayed for ten
days following entry of judgment and we expect that there will be no change in the status of
inmates already transferred to our facilities while the stay of enforcement is in place. We expect
that the Governor of California will appeal this ruling and seek an extension of the stay of
enforcement pending the results of the appeal. However, we can provide no assurance that the
ruling will be appealed or that an extension of the stay will be granted, and we cannot predict the
ultimate outcome of the appeal should it occur. Further, we can provide no assurances as to
whether additional lawsuits will arise, how the California courts will ultimately rule on such
lawsuits, the timing of the transfer of inmates, the total number of inmates that will ultimately
be received or whether court rulings could require the return of inmates to California.
44
During December 2006, we also entered into an agreement with Bent County, Colorado to house
Colorado male inmates under an inter-governmental service agreement between the County and State of
Colorado Department of Corrections. Under the agreement we may house up to 720 Colorado inmates,
subject to bed availability, at our North Fork Correctional Facility. The term of the contract
includes an initial term which commenced December 28, 2006 and runs through June 30, 2007, and
provides for mutually agreed extensions for a total contract term of up to five years. We initially
received approximately 240 Colorado inmates at the North Fork facility during December 2006. If
adequate bed space is available at the facility, Colorado may transfer additional inmates to the
facility in order to meet any growth in Colorado inmate populations.
As of December 31, 2006, the North Fork facility housed 796 inmates from the states of Vermont,
Wyoming, and Colorado. Based on our expectation of increased demand from a number of existing
state and federal customers, we intend to expand our North Fork Correctional Facility by 960 beds.
We began construction during the third quarter of 2006 and anticipate that construction will be
completed during the fourth quarter of 2007, at an estimated cost of $55.0 million.
During October 2005, construction was completed on the Stewart Detention Center in Stewart County,
Georgia and the facility became available for occupancy. Accordingly, we began depreciating the
facility in the fourth quarter of 2005 and ceased capitalizing interest on this project. During
2005, we capitalized $2.8 million in interest costs incurred on this facility. The book value of
the facility was approximately $72.5 million upon completion of construction.
In June 2006, we entered into a new agreement with Stewart County, Georgia to house detainees from
ICE under an inter-governmental service agreement between Stewart County and ICE. The agreement
enables ICE to accommodate detainees at our Stewart Detention Center. The agreement with Stewart
County is effective through December 31, 2011, and provides for an indefinite number of renewal
options. We began receiving ICE detainees at the Stewart facility in October 2006 and expect that
ICE detainees will substantially occupy the Stewart facility sometime during 2007. As of December
31, 2006, we held 1,013 detainees at this facility.
During February 2005, we commenced construction of the Red Rock Correctional Center, a new
1,596-bed correctional facility located in Eloy, Arizona. The facility was completed during July
2006 for an aggregate cost of approximately $81 million. We relocated all of the Alaskan inmates
from our Florence Correctional Center into this new facility during the third quarter of 2006. The
beds made available at the Florence facility are expected to be used to satisfy anticipated state
and federal demand for detention beds in the Arizona area, including inmates from the state of
California. As of December 31, 2006, the Red Rock facility housed 993 Alaskan inmates and 222
Hawaiian inmates. We expect to relocate the Hawaiian inmates to our Saguaro Correctional Facility
upon completion of construction mid-2007.
While start-up activities and staffing expenses incurred in preparation for the arrival of
detainees at the Stewart Detention Center and inmates at the Red Rock and North Fork facilities had
an adverse impact on our results of operations during the second half of 2006, the utilization of
this increased bed capacity is expected to contribute to an increase in revenue and profitability
in 2007.
Managed-Only Facilities
Our operating margins decreased at managed-only facilities during 2006 to 14.4% from 16.3% during
2005 primarily as a result of an increase in salaries and benefits caused in part by an increase in
employee medical insurance. The deterioration of operating margins at managed-only facilities was
also as a result of a new contract at the newly expanded Lake City Correctional Facility located in
Lake City, Florida. During November 2005, the Florida Department of Management Services, or
Florida DMS, solicited proposals for the management of the Lake City Correctional Facility
beginning July 1,
45
2006. We responded to the proposal and were notified in April 2006 of the Florida DMSs intent to
award a contract to us. We negotiated a three-year contract in exchange for a reduced per diem
effective July 1, 2006, which resulted in a reduction in revenue and operating margin at this
facility from the prior year. The Lake City Correctional Facility was expanded from 350 beds to
893 beds late in the first quarter of 2005. The average daily inmate population at the Lake City
Correctional Facility during 2006 was 889 inmates compared with 689 inmates during 2005.
In
December 2005, the Florida DMS announced that we were awarded
contracts to design, construct,
and operate expansions through June 30, 2007 at the Bay Correctional Facility located in Panama
City, Florida by 235 beds and the Gadsden Correctional Institution located in Quincy, Florida by
384 beds. Both of these expansions will be funded by the state of Florida for a fixed price and
construction is expected to be complete during the third quarter of 2007. We currently do not
expect the costs to exceed the fixed price and we believe any future changes in these costs would
not be material.
In December 2006, the Florida DMS issued an Invitation to Negotiate (ITN) for the management of
the Gadsden and Bay facilities. We have responded to the ITN, but can provide no assurance that we
will be awarded a contract for our continued management of either of these facilities, or that we
can maintain current per diem rates. If we are not awarded the contracts to manage either of these
facilities, we would be required to report a non-cash charge for the impairment of tangible and
intangible assets of approximately $3.5 million to $4.0 million.
During October 2005, Hernando County, Florida completed an expansion by 382 beds of the Hernando
County Jail we manage in Brooksville, Florida, increasing the design capacity to 730 beds. As a
result of the expansion, the average daily inmate population during 2006 was 654 inmates compared
with 483 inmates during 2005, contributing to an increase in revenue of $3.1 million during 2006
from the prior year. However, the facility experienced an increase in operating expenses during
2006 to manage the increasing population levels and as a result of an increase in expenses
associated with outstanding litigation, mitigating the increase in revenue.
During June 2005, Bay County, Florida solicited proposals for the management of the Bay County Jail
beginning October 1, 2006. During April 2006, we were selected for the continued management and
construction of both new and replacement beds at the facility. During May 2006, we signed a new
contract for the continued management of the Bay County Jail for a base term of six years with one
six-year renewal option. The construction of the new and replacement beds at the facility will be
paid by Bay County at a fixed price, and is expected to be complete during the second quarter of
2008. We do not expect a material change in inmate populations resulting from these new
agreements.
During September 2005, we announced that Citrus County renewed our contract for the continued
management of the Citrus County Detention Facility located in Lecanto, Florida. The terms of the
new agreement included a 360-bed expansion that commenced during the fourth quarter of 2005 and was
substantially completed during the first quarter of 2007 for a cost of approximately $18.5 million
funded by utilizing cash on hand. The facility has experienced an increase in operating expenses
during 2006, primarily in the fourth quarter, as a result of the increase in staffing levels to
support the new inmate population expected to occupy the expansion beds.
During May 2006, we announced that we were awarded a contract with the New Mexico Department of
Corrections to operate and manage the State-owned Camino Nuevo Female Correctional Facility. The
192-bed facility located in Albuquerque, New Mexico houses overflow offenders from our New Mexico
Womens Correctional Facility located in Grants, New Mexico. Eventually, the facility will also
function as a pre-release center for female offenders that will be re-entering the community. The
facility began receiving an initial population of females in July 2006.
46
During 2006, our 1,270-bed Idaho Correctional Center experienced an increase in revenue of
approximately $1.4 million compared with the prior year primarily as a result of an increase in the
inmate population. The average daily inmate population during 2006 was 1,328 compared with an
average daily inmate population of 1,276 during 2006. This increase in population served to
partially offset the decreased operating margins experienced in 2006 at the facilities we manage
but do not own.
General and administrative expense
For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, general and administrative expenses totaled $63.6
million and $57.1 million, respectively. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of
corporate management salaries and benefits, professional fees and other administrative expenses,
and increased from 2005 primarily as a result of an increase in salaries and benefits, including an
increase of $1.6 million of restricted stock-based compensation awarded to employees who have
historically been awarded stock options and $1.6 million of stock option expense, which represents
an increase of $0.6 million over the $1.0 million of stock option expense in 2005, all of which was
recorded in the fourth quarter of 2005 as a result of the acceleration of vesting of all
outstanding options as further described hereafter.
In 2005, the Company made changes to its historical business practices with respect to awarding
stock-based employee compensation as a result of, among other reasons, the issuance of Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R, Share-Based Payment, or SFAS 123R. During the year
ended December 31, 2005, we recognized $1.7 million of general and administrative expense for the
amortization of restricted stock issued during 2005 to employees whose compensation is charged to
general and administrative expense. For the year ended December 31, 2006, we recognized
approximately $3.3 million of general and administrative expense for the amortization of restricted
stock granted to these employees in both 2005 and 2006, since the amortization period spans the
three-year vesting period of each restricted share award.
Further, on January 1, 2006, consistent with SFAS 123R we began recognizing general and
administrative expenses for the amortization of employee stock options granted after January 1,
2006 to employees whose compensation is charged to general and administrative expense, which
heretofore have not been recognized in our income statement, except with respect to the
aforementioned compensation charge of $1.0 million reported in the fourth quarter of 2005 for the
acceleration of vesting of outstanding options as further described hereafter. For the year ended
December 31, 2006, we recognized $1.6 million of general and administrative expense for the
amortization of employee stock options granted after January 1, 2006. As of December 31, 2006, we
had $2.5 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to stock options that is expected
to be recognized over a remaining weighted-average period of 2.5 years.
Effective December 30, 2005, our board of directors approved the acceleration of the vesting of
outstanding options previously awarded to executive officers and employees under our Amended and
Restated 1997 Employee Share Incentive Plan and our Amended and Restated 2000 Stock Incentive Plan.
As a result of the acceleration, approximately 1.5 million unvested options became exercisable, 45%
of which were otherwise scheduled to vest in February 2006. The purpose of the accelerated vesting
of stock options was to enable us to avoid recognizing compensation expense associated with these
options in future periods as required by SFAS 123R, estimated at the date of acceleration to be
$3.8 million in 2006, $2.0 million in 2007, and $0.5 million in 2008. In order to prevent
unintended benefits to the holders of these stock options, we imposed resale restrictions to
prevent the sale of any shares acquired from the exercise of an accelerated option prior to the
original vesting date of the option. The resale restrictions automatically expire upon the
individuals termination of employment. All other terms and conditions applicable to such options,
including the exercise prices, remained unchanged. As a result of the acceleration, we recognized a
non-cash, pre-tax charge of $1.0 million in
47
the fourth quarter of 2005 for the estimated value of the stock options that would have otherwise
been forfeited.
Our general and administrative expenses were also higher as a result of an increase in corporate
staffing levels. We continued to re-evaluate our organizational structure in 2005 and 2006 and
expanded our infrastructure to help ensure the quality and effectiveness of our facility
operations. This intensified focus contributed to the increase in salaries and benefits expense,
as well as a number of other general and administrative expense categories. We have also
experienced increasing expenses to implement and support numerous technology initiatives. We
believe these strategies have contributed to the increase in facility operating margins.
Depreciation and amortization
For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, depreciation and amortization expense totaled $67.7
million and $59.9 million, respectively. The increase in depreciation and amortization from 2005
resulted from the combination of additional depreciation expense recorded on various completed
facility expansion and development projects, most notably our Stewart Detention Center and Red Rock
Correctional Center, and the additional depreciation on our investments in technology. The
investments in technology are expected to provide long-term benefits enabling us to provide
enhanced quality service to our customers while creating scalable operating efficiencies.
Interest expense, net
Interest expense was reported net of interest income and capitalized interest for the years ended
December 31, 2006 and 2005. Gross interest expense, net of capitalized interest, was $67.9 million
and $69.3 million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005. Gross interest
expense during these periods was based on outstanding borrowings under our senior bank credit
facility, our outstanding senior notes, convertible subordinated notes payable balances (until
converted), and amortization of loan costs and unused facility fees. The decrease in gross
interest expense from the prior year was primarily attributable to the recapitalization and
refinancing transactions completed during the first half of 2005 and additional refinancing
transactions completed during the first quarter of 2006, as further described hereafter.
Gross interest income was $9.1 million and $5.4 million, respectively, for the years ended December
31, 2006 and 2005. Gross interest income is earned on cash collateral requirements, a direct
financing lease, notes receivable, investments, and cash and cash equivalents, and increased due to
the accumulation of higher cash and investment balances generated from operating cash flows.
Capitalized interest was $4.7 million and $4.5 million during 2006 and 2005, respectively, and was
associated with various construction and expansion projects further described under Liquidity and
Capital Resources hereafter.
Expenses associated with debt refinancing and recapitalization transactions
For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, expenses associated with debt refinancing and
recapitalization transactions were $1.0 million and $35.3 million, respectively. Charges of $1.0
million in the first quarter of 2006 consisted of the write-off of existing deferred loan costs
associated with the pay-off and retirement of the old senior bank credit facility. Charges of
$35.0 million in the first quarter of 2005 consisted of a tender premium paid to the holders of the
$250.0 million 9.875% senior notes who tendered their notes to us at a price of 111% of par
pursuant to a tender offer we made for their notes in March 2005, the write-off of existing
deferred loan costs associated with the purchase of the $250.0 million 9.875% senior notes and the
lump sum pay-down of the term portion of our senior bank credit facility made with the proceeds
from the issuance of $375.0 million of 6.25% senior notes,
48
and estimated fees and expenses associated with each of the foregoing transactions. The remaining
charges in 2005 consisted of the write-off of existing deferred loan costs and third-party fees and
expenses associated with an amendment to the senior bank credit facility obtained during the second
quarter of 2005, whereby we reduced the interest rate margins associated with the facility and
prepaid $20.0 million of the term portion of the facility with proceeds from a draw of a like
amount on the revolving portion of the facility.
Income tax expense
During the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, our financial statements reflected an income tax
provision of $61.1 million and $26.9 million, respectively.
Our effective tax rate was approximately 37% during the year ended December 31, 2006 compared to
approximately 35% during the year ended December 31, 2005. The lower effective tax rate during
2005 resulted from certain tax planning strategies implemented during the fourth quarter of 2004,
that were magnified by the recognition of deductible expenses associated with our debt refinancing
transactions completed during the first half of 2005. In addition, we also successfully pursued
and recognized investment tax credits of $0.7 million in 2005. The effective tax rate during 2006
was also favorably impacted by an increase in the income tax benefits of equity compensation during
2006.
We currently expect our effective tax rate to increase slightly in 2007 as a result of an increase
in our projected taxable income in states with higher statutory tax rates as well as the negative
impact of a change in Texas tax law. Our overall effective tax rate is estimated based on our
current projection of taxable income and could change in the future as a result of changes in these
estimates, the implementation of additional tax strategies, changes in federal or state tax rates,
changes in estimates related to uncertain tax positions, or changes in state apportionment factors,
as well as changes in the valuation allowance applied to our deferred tax assets that are based
primarily on the amount of state net operating losses and tax credits that could expire unused.
Discontinued operations
On March 21, 2005, the Tulsa County Commission in Oklahoma provided us notice that, as a result of
a contract bidding process, the County elected to have the Tulsa County Sheriffs Office assume
management of the David L. Moss Criminal Justice Center upon expiration of the contract on June 30,
2005. Operations were transferred to the Sheriffs Office on July 1, 2005. Total revenue and
operating expenses during 2005 were $10.7 million and $11.2 million, respectively. After
depreciation expense and income taxes, the facility experienced a loss of $0.4 million for the year
ended December 31, 2005.
Year Ended December 31, 2005 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2004
During the year ended December 31, 2005, we generated net income available to common stockholders
of $50.1 million, or $0.83 per diluted share, compared with net income available to common
stockholders of $61.1 million, or $1.04 per diluted share, for the previous year. Contributing to
the net income for 2005 compared to the previous year was an increase in operating income of $3.5
million, from $173.4 million during 2004 to $176.9 million during 2005 as a result of an increase
in occupancy levels and new management contracts, partially offset by an increase in general and
administrative expenses and depreciation and amortization.
Net income available to common stockholders during 2005 was negatively impacted by a $35.3 million
pre-tax charge, or $0.38 per diluted share net of taxes, associated with debt refinancing
transactions completed during the first and second quarters, as further described hereafter. The
charge consisted of a tender premium paid to the holders of the 9.875% senior notes (who tendered
their notes to us at a price of 111% of par pursuant to a tender offer we made for the 9.875%
senior notes in March 2005),
49
estimated fees and expenses associated with the tender offer, and the write-off of (i) existing
deferred loan costs associated with the purchase of the 9.875% senior notes, (ii) existing deferred
loan costs associated with a lump sum pay-down of our senior bank credit facility, and (iii)
existing deferred loan costs and third-party fees incurred in connection with obtaining an
amendment to our old senior bank credit facility.
Facility Operations
Revenue and expenses per compensated man-day for all of the facilities we owned or managed,
exclusive of those discontinued (see further discussion below regarding discontinued operations),
were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Years Ended
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
Revenue per compensated man-day
|
|
$
|
50.69
|
|
|
$
|
49.21
|
|
|
Operating expenses per compensated man-day:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed expense
|
|
|
28.50
|
|
|
|
27.59
|
|
|
Variable expense
|
|
|
9.39
|
|
|
|
9.21
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
37.89
|
|
|
|
36.80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating margin per compensated man-day
|
|
$
|
12.80
|
|
|
$
|
12.41
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating margin
|
|
|
25.3
|
%
|
|
|
25.2
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average compensated occupancy
|
|
|
91.4
|
%
|
|
|
94.9
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average compensated occupancy for the year ended December 31, 2005 decreased from the prior
year primarily as a result of the completion of construction of approximately 2,500 beds at seven
facilities throughout the second half of 2004 and the first quarter of 2005. In addition, we
evaluate the design capacity of our facilities from time to time based on the customers using the
facilities and the ability to reconfigure space with minimal capital outlays. In connection with
the preparation of the 2005 budget, we increased the previously reported design capacities by an
aggregate of approximately 1,500 beds effective January 1, 2005. Excluding these design capacity
changes, as well as similar design capacity changes made during the third quarter of 2004,
compensated occupancy would have been 94.2% for the year ended December 31, 2005.
Business from our federal customers, including the Bureau of Prisons, or the BOP, the United States
Marshals Service, or the USMS, and ICE, continues to be a significant component of our business.
Our federal customers generated 39% and 38% of our total revenue for the years ended December 31,
2005 and 2004, respectively.
Operating expenses totaled $898.8 million and $850.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2005
and 2004, respectively. Operating expenses consist of those expenses incurred in the operation and
management of adult and juvenile correctional and detention facilities, and for our inmate
transportation subsidiary.
Salaries and benefits represent the most significant component of fixed operating expenses with
approximately 64% of our operating expenses consisting of salaries and benefits. During 2005,
salaries and benefits expense at our correctional and detention facilities increased $34.6 million
from 2004. Salaries have increased as a result of annual raises, the commencement of management
operations at the Delta Correctional Facility and the Northeast Ohio Correctional Center in April
2004, and an increase in staffing levels as a result of the arrival of additional inmate
populations at the Northeast Ohio Correctional Center resulting from the commencement of a new
contract with the BOP
50
in June 2005, and at several facilities where expansions have been completed. In addition,
temporary reductions in inmate populations at several other facilities, mostly during the first
half of 2005, did not justify a decrease in staffing levels at such facilities, resulting in an
increase in salaries per compensated man-day, as these fixed expenses were spread over fewer
compensated man-days. These increases were mitigated by successful cost containment efforts in
employee medical and workers compensation expenses across the portfolio.
Facility variable expenses increased 2.0% from $9.21 per compensated man-day during 2004 to $9.39
per compensated man-day during 2005. The increase in facility variable expenses was primarily the
result of general inflationary increases in the costs of services such as our food service and
inmate medical expenses, partially offset by a reduction in expenses related to legal proceedings
in which we are involved.
We have been successful at settling certain legal proceedings in which we are involved on terms we
believe are favorable. During 2005, we settled a number of outstanding legal matters for amounts
less than reserves previously established for such matters, which resulted in a reduction to
operating expenses of approximately $2.7 million during 2005 compared with 2004. Expenses
associated with legal proceedings may fluctuate from quarter to quarter based on changes in our
assumptions, new developments, or by the effectiveness of our litigation and settlement strategies.
Our recent success in settling outstanding claims at amounts less than previously reserved is not
likely to be sustained for the long-term and it is possible that future cash flows and results of
operations could be adversely affected by increases in expenses associated with legal matters in
which we become involved.
The following tables display the revenue and expenses per compensated man-day for the facilities we
own and manage and for the facilities we manage but do not own:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Years Ended
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
Owned and Managed Facilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue per compensated man-day
|
|
$
|
58.95
|
|
|
$
|
57.02
|
|
|
Operating expenses per compensated man-day:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed expense
|
|
|
31.79
|
|
|
|
30.81
|
|
|
Variable expense
|
|
|
10.19
|
|
|
|
9.96
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
41.98
|
|
|
|
40.77
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating margin per compensated man-day
|
|
$
|
16.97
|
|
|
$
|
16.25
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating margin
|
|
|
28.8
|
%
|
|
|
28.5
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average compensated occupancy
|
|
|
88.3
|
%
|
|
|
90.3
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Years Ended
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
Managed Only Facilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue per compensated man-day
|
|
$
|
37.46
|
|
|
$
|
36.68
|
|
|
Operating expenses per compensated man-day:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed expense
|
|
|
23.22
|
|
|
|
22.42
|
|
|
Variable expense
|
|
|
8.12
|
|
|
|
7.99
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
31.34
|
|
|
|
30.41
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating margin per compensated man-day
|
|
$
|
6.12
|
|
|
$
|
6.27
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating margin
|
|
|
16.3
|
%
|
|
|
17.1
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average compensated occupancy
|
|
|
96.7
|
%
|
|
|
103.3
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
51
The following discussions under Owned and Managed Facilities and Managed-Only Facilities
address significant events that impacted our results of operations for the respective periods, and
events that are expected to affect our results of operations in the future.
Owned and Managed Facilities
On April 7, 2004, we announced that we resumed operations at our 2,016-bed Northeast Ohio
Correctional Center located in Youngstown, Ohio. Since then, we have managed federal prisoners
from United States federal court districts that have been experiencing a lack of detention space
and/or high detention costs. As of December 31, 2005, we housed 635 USMS prisoners at this
facility compared with 287 USMS prisoners at the facility as of December 31, 2004. The operating
revenues for 2004 were $3.4 million, while operating expenses were $8.5 million for 2004 at this
facility partially as a result of start-up activities and for staffing expenses in preparation for
the arrival of additional inmates at this facility. Prior to being awarded the contract with the
USMS, this facility had been idle since 2001. We believed that re-opening this facility put us in a
competitive position to win contract awards for the utilization of the facility.
On December 23, 2004, we received a contract award from the BOP to house approximately 1,195 BOP
inmates at our Northeast Ohio Correctional Center. The contract, awarded as part of the Criminal
Alien Requirement Phase 4 Solicitation (CAR 4), provides for an initial four-year term with three
two-year renewal options. The terms of the contract provide for a 50% guaranteed rate of occupancy
for 90 days following commencement of the contract and a 90% guaranteed rate of occupancy
thereafter. The contract commenced June 1, 2005. As of December 31, 2005, we housed 1,224 BOP
inmates at this facility. Total revenue increased by $24.7 million during 2005 compared with 2004
as a result of this new contract and from an increase in USMS prisoners at this facility.
During July 2004, an inmate disturbance at the Crowley County Correctional Facility located in
Olney Springs, Colorado resulted in damage to the facility, requiring us to transfer a substantial
portion of the inmates to other of our facilities and to facilities owned by the state of Colorado.
Although repair of the facility was substantially complete at December 31, 2004, Colorado
continued to reduce inmate populations at all four of our facilities in Colorado to as low as 2,564
in November 2004. However, the impact was mitigated by the recovery of $1.0 million of business
interruption and other insurance proceeds recognized during the first quarter of 2005. As of
December 31, 2005, we housed 1,144 inmates at this facility, compared with 695 inmates at December
31, 2004, despite a relocation of 189 inmates during 2005 from the state of Washington to our
Prairie Correctional Facility, largely due to an expansion of the Crowley facility by 594 beds
completed during the third quarter of 2004. Our overall inmate populations from the state of
Colorado have also recovered. We housed 3,408 inmates from the state of Colorado as of December 31,
2005, compared with 2,882 inmates just prior to the inmate disturbance at the Crowley facility.
As a result of the completion of bed expansions at our Houston Processing Center and our
Leavenworth Detention Center during the fourth quarter of 2004, total revenue increased during 2005
from 2004 by a combined $13.3 million. We expanded the Houston Processing Center by 494 beds, from
a design capacity of 411 beds to 905 beds, in connection with a new contract with ICE to
accommodate additional detainee populations that were anticipated as a result of this contract,
which contains a guarantee that ICE will utilize 679 beds. We expanded the Leavenworth Detention
Center by 284 beds, from a design capacity of 483 beds to 767 beds, in connection with a new
contract with the USMS. The new USMS contract provides a guarantee that the USMS will utilize 400
beds.
During the second quarter of 2005, the state of Indiana removed all of its inmates from our 656-bed
Otter Creek Correctional Facility to utilize available capacity within the States correctional
system. All of the Indiana inmates were transferred to the state of Indiana by the end of the
second quarter of 2005. However, during July 2005, we entered into an agreement with the Kentucky
Department of
52
Corrections to manage up to 400 female inmates at this facility. The terms of the contract include
an initial two-year period, with four two-year renewal options. Beginning July 1, 2006, the state
of Kentucky guarantees an inmate population from any state of 90% of the facility design capacity,
subject to appropriation. We began receiving these inmates in August 2005. As of December 31,
2005, we housed 390 Kentucky inmates at this facility.
During October 2005, we entered into an agreement with the state of Hawaii to house up to 140
female Hawaii inmates at the Otter Creek Correctional Center. The terms of the contract include an
initial one-year period, with two one-year renewal options. The facility began receiving Hawaii
inmates during September 2005 under a 30-day contract completed in September 2005. As of December
31, 2005, we housed 119 Hawaii inmates at this facility. Operating income decreased at this
facility by $4.0 million during 2005 compared to 2004.
As a result of declining inmate populations from the USMS and ICE at our 1,216-bed San Diego
Correctional Facility, total revenues decreased by $4.0 million during 2005 compared with 2004.
The average compensated occupancy during 2005 and 2004 was 96.5% and 108.5%, respectively.
However, effective July 1, 2005, ICE awarded us a contract for the continued management at this
facility. The contract, which governs the management of both USMS and ICE inmates, has a
three-year base term with five three-year renewal options, and includes a guaranteed inmate
population of 900 ICE detainees and 300 USMS inmates.
During 2004, the state of Wisconsin reduced the number of inmates housed at both our 2,160-bed
Diamondback Correctional Facility and our 1,550-bed Prairie Correctional Facility, by opening
various facilities owned by the State. As discussed hereafter, the available beds at Diamondback
Correctional Facility, which resulted from the declining inmate population from the state of
Wisconsin, have been filled with inmates from the state of Arizona. The average daily inmate
population housed from the state of Wisconsin at our Prairie Correctional Facility declined from
773 inmates during 2004 to 18 inmates during 2005. The reduction in inmate populations from the
state of Wisconsin were offset by an increase in inmate populations from the states of Washington
and Minnesota at the Prairie facility resulting from new management contract awards from those
states in mid-2004.
On March 4, 2004, we announced that we entered into an agreement with the state of Arizona to
manage up to 1,200 Arizona inmates at our Diamondback Correctional Facility. The agreement
represents the first time the State has partnered with us to provide residential services to its
inmates. As of December 31, 2005 and 2004, the facility housed approximately 1,170 and 800
inmates, respectively, from the state of Arizona contributing to an increase of $5.0 million in
total revenues at this facility in 2005 compared with the prior year.
During July 2005, we announced our intention to cease operations at our T. Don Hutto Correctional
Center located in Taylor, Texas, effective early September 2005. However during the fourth quarter
of 2005, the facility housed inmates from the Liberty County Jail we managed in Liberty, Texas on a
temporary basis due to the effects of Hurricane Rita on the Liberty County Jail. Although the
Liberty County Jail sustained no property damage, inmates were held in the T. Don Hutto
Correctional Center until power and other services were restored at the Liberty County Jail.
Additionally, on October 20, 2005, we agreed to provide temporary housing for approximately 1,200
detainees from ICE housed in government detention facilities throughout the state of Florida due to
the anticipated arrival of Hurricane Wilma and the emergency evacuation of all detainees in
Florida. We initially housed approximately 600 detainees at our T. Don Hutto Correctional Center
and approximately 600 detainees at our Florence Correctional Center. These detainee populations
were returned to Florida during December 2005.
During January 2006, we received notification from the BOP of its intent not to exercise its
renewal option at our 1,500-bed Eloy Detention Center, located in Eloy, Arizona. At December 31,
2005, the
53
Eloy facility housed approximately 500 inmates from the BOP and approximately 800 detainees from
ICE, pursuant to a subcontract between the BOP and ICE. The BOP completed the transfer of its
inmates from the Eloy facility to other BOP facilities by February 28, 2006. During February 2006,
we reached an agreement with the City of Eloy to manage detainees from ICE at this facility under
an inter-governmental service agreement between the City of Eloy and ICE, effectively providing ICE
the ability to fully utilize Eloy Detention Center for existing and potential future requirements.
Under our agreement with the City of Eloy, we are eligible for periodic rate increases that were
not provided in the existing contract with the BOP. Although the contract does not provide for a
guaranteed occupancy, we expect over time that the facility will be substantially occupied by ICE
detainees.
During September 2003, we announced our intention to complete construction of the Stewart County
Correctional Facility located in Stewart County, Georgia. Construction on the 1,524-bed Stewart
County Correctional Facility began in August 1999 and was suspended in May 2000. Our decision to
complete construction of this facility was based on anticipated demand from several government
customers having a need for inmate bed capacity in the Southeast region of the country. During
October 2005, construction was completed and the facility was available for occupancy. Accordingly,
we began depreciating the new facility in the fourth quarter of 2005 and ceased capitalizing
interest on this project. During 2005 and 2004, we capitalized $2.8 million and $4.3 million,
respectively, in interest costs incurred on this facility. The book value of the facility was
approximately $72.5 million upon completion of construction. Because we did not have a contract to
house inmates at this facility immediately following completion of construction, our overall
occupancy percentage was negatively impacted as a result of the additional vacant beds available at
the Stewart facility. In June 2006, we entered into a new agreement with Stewart County, Georgia
to house detainees from ICE under an inter-governmental service agreement between Stewart County
and ICE.
Managed-Only Facilities
Our operating margins declined at managed-only facilities from 17.1% during 2004 to 16.3% during
2005 primarily as a result of declines in inmate populations at the 1,150-bed Bay County Jail
located in Panama City, Florida and the 1,092-bed Metro-Davidson County Detention Facility located
in Nashville, Tennessee. These declines were partially offset by an increase in inmate populations
at the newly expanded Lake City Correctional Facility located in Lake City, Florida, particularly
during the second and third quarters of 2005.
Primarily as a result of declines in inmate populations at the Bay County Jail and the
Metro-Davidson County Detention Facility, total revenue decreased during 2005 from the comparable
periods in 2004 by a combined $5.8 million. The decline in occupancy at the Metro-Davidson County
Detention Facility is the result of the loss of female inmates at the facility caused by the
opening of a new female-only detention facility by Davidson County during the first quarter of
2005.
On March 23, 2004, we announced the completion of a contractual agreement with Mississippis Delta
Correctional Authority to resume operations of the state-owned 1,016-bed Delta Correctional
Facility located in Greenwood, Mississippi. We managed the medium security correctional facility
for the Delta Correctional Authority since its opening in 1996 until the State closed the facility
in 2002, due to excess capacity in the States corrections system. The initial contract was for
one year, with one two-year extension option. We began receiving inmates from the state of
Mississippi at the facility on April 1, 2004. In addition, after completing the contractual
agreement with the Delta Correctional Authority, we entered into an additional contract to manage
inmates from Leflore County, Mississippi. This one-year contract provides for housing for up to
160 male inmates and up to 60 female inmates, and is renewable annually. As of December 31, 2005,
we housed 972 and 123 inmates from the state of Mississippi and Leflore County, respectively.
54
Effective July 1, 2005, the Florida DMS awarded us contract extensions for three medium-security
correctional facilities we manage on behalf of the state of Florida. Accordingly, we expect to
continue management operations of the 750-bed Bay Correctional Facility in Panama City, Florida;
the 1,036-bed Gadsden Correctional Institution in Quincy, Florida; and the recently expanded
893-bed Lake City Correctional Facility in Lake City, Florida. The management contracts at Bay
Correctional Facility and Gadsden Correctional Institution were renewed for a period of two years.
The management contract at Lake City Correctional Facility was renewed for a one-year term.
In
December 2005, the Florida DMS announced we were awarded
contracts to design, construct, and
operate expansions at the Bay Correctional facility by 235 beds and the Gadsden facility by 384
beds. Both of these expansions will be funded by the state of Florida and construction is expected
to be complete during the third quarter of 2007.
During October 2005, Hernando County, Florida completed an expansion by 382 beds of the 348-bed
Hernando County Jail we manage in Brooksville, Florida, which we expect to contribute to an
increase in revenue in the future.
During June 2005, Bay County, Florida solicited proposals for the management of the Bay County Jail
beginning October 1, 2006. During April 2006, we were selected for the continued management and
construction of both new and replacement beds at the facility. During May 2006, we signed a new
contract for the continued management of the Bay County Jail for a base term of six years with one
six-year renewal option. The construction of the new and replacement beds at the facility will be
paid by Bay County at a fixed price, and is expected to be complete during the second quarter of
2008. We do not expect a material change in inmate populations resulting from these new
agreements.
General and administrative expense
For the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, general and administrative expenses totaled $57.1
million and $48.2 million, respectively. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of
corporate management salaries and benefits, professional fees and other administrative expenses,
and increased from 2004 primarily as a result of an increase in salaries and benefits, combined
with an increase in professional services during 2005 compared with 2004. Also, the increase
attributable to salaries and benefits was caused in part by the recognition of restricted
stock-based compensation of $1.7 million during 2005 awarded to employees who have historically
been awarded stock options, and an additional $1.0 million for a charge associated with the
acceleration of vesting effective December 30, 2005 of all outstanding stock options.
In 2005, the Company made changes to its historical business practices with respect to awarding
stock-based employee compensation as a result of, among other reasons, the issuance of SFAS 123R.
During the year ending December 31, 2005, we recognized $1.7 million of general and administrative
expense for the amortization of restricted stock issued during 2005 to employees whose compensation
is charged to general and administrative expense. Because these employees have historically been
granted stock options rather than restricted stock, no such expense was recognized in our statement
of operations during 2004. As a result, the issuance of restricted stock rather than stock options
to these employees will contribute to a significant increase in our reported general and
administrative expenses, even though our overall financial position and total cash flows are not
affected by this change in compensation philosophy. This increase was exacerbated in 2006, when
general and administrative expense included the amortization of restricted stock granted to these
employees in both 2005 and 2006, since the amortization period spans the three-year vesting period
of the restricted shares. Further, on January 1, 2006, we began recognizing general and
administrative expenses for the amortization of employee stock options granted after January 1,
2006, to employees whose compensation is charged to general and administrative expense, which
heretofore have not been recognized in our income statement, except with respect to the
aforementioned compensation charge of
55
$1.0 million recorded in the fourth quarter of 2005 for the acceleration of vesting of outstanding
options as further described hereafter.
Effective December 30, 2005, our board of directors approved the acceleration of the vesting of
outstanding options previously awarded to executive officers and employees under our Amended and
Restated 1997 Employee Share Incentive Plan and our Amended and Restated 2000 Stock Incentive Plan.
As a result of the acceleration, approximately 1.5 million unvested options became exercisable, 45%
of which were scheduled to vest in February 2006. The purpose of the accelerated vesting of stock
options was to enable us to avoid recognizing compensation expense associated with these options in
future periods as required by SFAS 123R, which we were required to adopt by January 1, 2006,
estimated at the date of acceleration to be $3.8 million in 2006, $2.0 million in 2007, and $0.5
million in 2008. In order to prevent unintended benefits to the holders of these stock options, we
imposed resale restrictions to prevent the sale of any shares acquired from the exercise of an
accelerated option prior to the original vesting date of the option. The resale restrictions
automatically expire upon the individuals termination of employment. All other terms and
conditions applicable to such options, including the exercise prices, remained unchanged. As a
result of the acceleration, we recognized a non-cash, pre-tax charge of $1.0 million in the fourth
quarter of 2005 for the estimated value of the stock options that would have otherwise been
forfeited.
Our general and administrative expenses were also higher as a result of an increase in corporate
staffing levels. In response to a number of inmate disturbances experienced during 2004, we
re-evaluated our organizational structure and expanded our infrastructure to help ensure the
quality and effectiveness of our facility operations. We have also expanded our infrastructure to
implement and support numerous technology initiatives that we believe will provide long-term
benefits enabling us to provide enhanced quality service to our customers while creating scalable
efficiencies. This intensified focus on quality assurance and technology has contributed, and is
expected to continue to contribute, to an increase in salaries and benefits expense, as well as a
number of other general and administrative expense categories.
We have also experienced increasing expenses to comply with increasing corporate governance
requirements, a significant portion of which was incurred to continue to comply with section 404 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. We also continue to evaluate the potential need to expand our
corporate office infrastructure to improve outreach and oversight of our facility operations to
reduce turnover and improve facility performance. These initiatives could also lead to higher
general and administrative expenses in the future.
Depreciation and amortization
For the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, depreciation and amortization expense totaled $59.9
million and $54.4 million, respectively. The increase in depreciation and amortization from 2004
resulted from the combination of additional depreciation expense recorded on the various facility
expansion and development projects completed and the additional depreciation on our investments in
technology. The investments in technology are expected to provide long-term benefits enabling us
to provide enhanced quality service to our customers while creating scalable operating
efficiencies.
Interest expense, net
Interest expense was reported net of interest income and capitalized interest for the years ended
December 31, 2005 and 2004. Gross interest expense, net of capitalized interest, was $69.3 million
and $73.2 million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004. Gross interest
expense during these periods is based on outstanding borrowings under our senior bank credit
facility, 9.875% senior notes (until fully tendered), 7.5% senior notes, 6.25% senior notes,
convertible subordinated notes payable balances (until converted), and amortization of loan costs
and unused credit
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facility fees. The decrease in gross interest expense from the prior year was primarily
attributable to the recapitalization and refinancing transactions completed during the first half
of 2005 partially offset by an increasing interest rate environment as applicable to the variable
interest rates on our senior bank credit facility.
Gross interest income was $5.4 million and $4.0 million, respectively, for the years ended December
31, 2005 and 2004. Gross interest income is earned on cash collateral requirements, a direct
financing lease, notes receivable, investments, and cash and cash equivalents.
Capitalized interest was $4.5 million and $5.8 million during 2005 and 2004, respectively, and was
associated with various construction and expansion projects.
Expenses associated with debt refinancing and recapitalization transactions
For the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, expenses associated with debt refinancing and
recapitalization transactions were $35.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively. The charges in the
first quarter of 2005 consisted primarily of (i) a tender premium paid to the holders of the $250.0
million 9.875% senior notes who tendered their notes to us at a price of 111% of par pursuant to a
tender offer for the 9.875% notes in March 2005, (ii) the write-off of existing deferred loan costs
associated with the purchase of the $250.0 million 9.875% senior notes and lump sum pay-down of the
term portion of our senior bank credit facility made with the proceeds from the issuance of $375.0
million 6.25% senior notes, and (iii) estimated fees and expenses associated with each of the
foregoing transactions. The charges in the second quarter of 2005 consisted of the write-off of
existing deferred loan costs and third-party fees and expenses associated with an amendment to the
senior bank credit facility.
The charges in 2004 were associated with the redemption of the remaining series A preferred stock
in the first quarter of 2004 and the redemption of the remaining series B preferred stock in the
second quarter of 2004, as well as third party fees associated with the amendment to our senior
bank credit facility obtained during the second quarter of 2004.
Income tax expense
During the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, our financial statements reflected an income tax
provision of $26.9 million and $41.5 million, respectively.
Our effective tax rate was approximately 35% during the year ended December 31, 2005 compared to
approximately 40% during the year ended December 31, 2004. The lower effective tax rate during
2005 resulted from certain tax planning strategies implemented during the fourth quarter of 2004,
that were magnified by the recognition of deductible expenses associated with our debt refinancing
transactions completed during the first half of 2005. In addition, we also successfully pursued and
recognized investment tax credits of $0.7 million during 2005.
Discontinued operations
On March 18, 2003, we were notified by the Department of Corrections of the Commonwealth of
Virginia of its intention to not renew our contract to manage the 1,500-bed Lawrenceville
Correctional Center located in Lawrenceville, Virginia, upon the expiration of the contract, which
occurred on March 22, 2003. Results for 2004 include residual activity from the operation of this
facility, including primarily proceeds received from the sale of fully depreciated equipment.
These results are reported as discontinued operations.
During the first quarter of 2004, we received $0.6 million in proceeds from the Commonwealth of
Puerto Rico as a settlement for repairs we previously made to a facility we formerly operated in
Ponce,
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Puerto Rico. These proceeds, net of taxes, are presented as discontinued operations for year ended
December 31, 2004.
Due to operating losses incurred at the Southern Nevada Womens Correctional Center, we elected to
not renew our contract to manage the facility upon the expiration of the contract. Accordingly, we
transferred operation of the facility to the Nevada Department of Corrections on October 1, 2004.
During 2004, the facility generated total revenue of $6.1 million and incurred total operating
expenses of $7.0 million.
On March 21, 2005, the Tulsa County Commission in Oklahoma provided us notice that, as a result of
a contract bidding process, the County elected to have the Tulsa County Sheriffs Office assume
management of the David L. Moss Criminal Justice Center upon expiration of the contract on June 30,
2005. Operations were transferred to the Sheriffs Office on July 1, 2005. Total revenue and
operating expenses during 2005 were $10.7 million and $11.2 million, respectively, compared with
total revenue and operating expenses during 2004 of $21.9 million and $20.2 million, respectively.
Distributions to preferred stockholders
For the year ended December 31, 2004, distributions to preferred stockholders totaled $1.5 million.
During the first quarter of 2004, we redeemed the remaining 0.3 million outstanding shares of our
series A preferred stock at a price of $25.00 per share, plus accrued dividends to the redemption
date. Further, during the second quarter of 2004, we redeemed the remaining 1.0 million outstanding
shares of our series B preferred stock at a price of $24.46 per share, plus accrued dividends to
the redemption date.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our principal capital requirements are for working capital, capital expenditures, and debt service
payments. Capital requirements may also include cash expenditures associated with our outstanding
commitments and contingencies, as further discussed in the notes to our financial statements.
Additionally, we may incur capital expenditures to expand the design capacity of certain of our
facilities (in order to retain management contracts) and to increase our inmate bed capacity for
anticipated demand from current and future customers. We may acquire additional correctional
facilities that we believe have favorable investment returns and increase value to our
stockholders. We will also consider opportunities for growth, including potential acquisitions of
businesses within our line of business and those that provide complementary services, provided we
believe such opportunities will broaden our market share and/or increase the services we can
provide to our customers.
As a result of increasing demand from both our federal and state customers and the utilization of a
significant portion of our existing available beds, we have intensified our efforts to deliver new
capacity to address the lack of available beds that our existing and potential customers are
experiencing. We can provide no assurance, however, that the increased capacity that we construct
will be utilized. The following addresses certain significant projects that are currently in
process:
During September 2005, we announced that Citrus County renewed our contract for the continued
management of the Citrus County Detention Facility located in Lecanto, Florida. The contract has a
ten-year base term with one five-year renewal option. The terms of the new agreement included a
360-bed expansion that commenced during the fourth quarter of 2005. The expansion of the facility,
which is owned by the County, was substantially completed during the first quarter of 2007 for a
cost of approximately $18.5 million, funded by utilizing cash on hand. The remaining cost to
complete the expansion was $2.8 million as of December 31, 2006. If the County terminates the
management contract at any time prior to twenty years following completion of construction, the
County would be
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required to pay us an amount equal to the construction cost less an allowance for the amor